Biomes (Week 4 Lecture 6)

Question 1

______ are the major life zones characterized by vegetation type (terrestrial biomes) or physical environment (aquatic biomes).

Answer 1

Biomes

Question 2

List the 9 major biomes

Answer 2

tropical rainforest

tropical dry forest

tropical grassland/ savanna/shrubland

desert

temperate grassland

temperate woodland and
shrubland

temperate forest

northwestern coniferous

forest

boreal forest

tundra

Question 3

______ biomes are Hot temperature, moisture laden air rises resulting in constant rainfall (200 inches per year).

Answer 3

Tropical rain forest

Question 4

True or False: The tropical rain forest biome has high biodiversity.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

True or False: The ground in a tropical rain forest has alot of vegetation.

Answer 5

False, little vegetation unless plants have big leaves

Question 6

How does vegetation pollinate primarily?

Answer 6

Through animals and insects because dense vegetation limits wind

Question 7

True or False: Tropical rain forests are dominated by broadleaf evergreen plants; their dense tops block out most of the sun not reaching the forest floor.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

______ plants in tropical rain forests have to compete for sunlight, so most have large leaves that maximize capture of limited light.

Answer 8

Understory

Question 9

______ plants grown on branches of tall plants as opposed to soil so they can be closer towards the sunlight.

Answer 9

Epiphytic

Question 10

______ biomes grow in areas where rainy seasons alternate with dry seasons.

Answer 10

Tropical dry forests

Question 11

A plant that sheds its leaves during a particular season is called ______.

Answer 11

Decidious

Question 12

How do animals reduce their need for water during dry seasons of tropical dry forests?

Answer 12

Evistation

Question 13

______ biomes have more seasonal rainfall than deserts but less than tropical dry forests.

Answer 13

TROPICAL GRASSLAND/SAVANNA/SHRUBLAND

Question 14

True or False: In tropical grasslands/savanna/shrubland, the soil is compact-frequent fires set by lightning.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

In tropical grasslands/savanna/shrubland, adpatation include ______ leaf coverings and seasonal ______ ______.

Answer 15

Waxy, leaf loss

Question 16

______ biomes have less than 25 centimeters of precipitation annually, but otherwise vary greatly, depending on elevation and latitude.

Answer 16

Desert

Question 17

True or False: Many deserts undergo extreme daily temperature changes, alternating between hot and cold.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

______ are modified leaves that aid in water retention in desert plants.

Answer 18

Spines

Question 19

What type of biome covered vast areas of the mid-western and central United States?

Answer 19

Temperate grasslands

Question 20

True or False: Grassland plants especially grasses, which grow from their base, are resistant to grazing and fire.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

True or False: Desert animals are most active in the day.

Answer 21

False, to avoid the hottest parts of the day, many animals are nocturnal active only at night.

Question 22

What physical characteristic helps desert animals regulate body temperature?

Answer 22

Elongated ears

Question 23

What type of dispersal of seeds is common in grasslands?

Answer 23

Dispersal by wind

Question 24

What are two common protective adaptations from grassland animals?

Answer 24

Burrowing and camoflauge

Question 25

______ biomes are large areas of grasses and wildflowers are interspersed with oak and other trees.

Answer 25

Temperate woodland and shrubland

Question 26

Communities that are more shrubland than forest are known as ______.

Answer 26

Chaparral

Question 27

Why are temperate woodland shrubland biomes susceptible to fires?

Answer 27

Dense low plants that contain flammable oils make fire a constant threat.

Question 28

True or False: The soil in temperate woodland shrubland biome is thick wand nutrient rich.

Answer 28

False, thin and nutrient poor

Question 29

How do woody chaparral plants resist water loss?

Answer 29

Tough waxy leaves

Question 30

True or False: In temperate woodland shrubland biomes, some plants need fire to germinate.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

______ biomes are mostly deciduous and evergreen coniferous trees.

Answer 31

Temperate Forest

Question 32

______ trees produce seed-bearing cones.

Answer 32

Coniferous

Question 33

______ trees drop their leaves and dormant in winter.

Answer 33

Deciduous

Question 34

______ is a material formed from decaying leaves and other organic matter to keep soil fertile in temperate forests.

Answer 34

Humus

Question 35

Mild moist air from the Pacific Ocean influenced by the Rocky Mountains provides abundant rainfall to this biome.

Answer 35

Northwestern Coniferous Forest

Question 36

Because of its lush vegetation, the northwestern coniferous forest is sometimes called a ______.

Answer 36

Temperate rain forest

Question 37

True or False in the Northwestern coniferous forests biome, summers are cool and dry and soil is rocky and acidic.

Answer 37

True

Question 38

Where are some of the world's tallest trees found?

Answer 38

Northwestern coniferous forest

Question 39

______ biome is dense forests of coniferous evergreens along the northern edge of the temperate zone.

Answer 39

Boreal forests

Question 40

Another name for boreal forest is ______.

Answer 40

Taiga

Question 41

True or False: Occur mostly in the northern part of the Northern Hemisphere.

Answer 41

True, boreal is greek for north.

Question 42

True or False: In boreal forests humidity is low and soil is nutrient rich.

Answer 42

False, High humidity and soil is acidic and nutrient-poor.

Question 43

Why are conifers well suited for the boreal forest?

Answer 43

The conical shape of conifers sheds snow, leaves prevent water loss.

Question 44

What is the major challenge for animals in the boreal forest?

Answer 44

Staying warm

Question 45

______ is characterized by permafrost, a layer of permanently frozen subsoil.

Answer 45

Tundra

Question 46

Why are tundra plants small and stunted?

Answer 46

Thawing and freezing-rips and crushes plant roots

Question 47

True or False: In the tundra, summers are short and soggy, and the winters are long, cold, and dark.

Answer 47

True

Question 48

By hugging the ground, ______ and other low-growing plants avoid damage from frequent strong winds.

Answer 48

Mosses

Question 49

True or False: Seed dispersal is common by animals in the tundra.

Answer 49

False, common by wind

Question 50

In cold areas (boreal and tundra) what 2 physical characteristic allows animals to stay warm?

Answer 50

Small extremities and extra fat