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Musculoskeletal Studies > Special Tests - Knee > Flashcards

Special Tests - Knee Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Stroke Test?

A

Fluid displacement test

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2
Q

How to perform the Stroke Test?

A

Stroke upwards 3 Tim es from medial knee

then stroke downward once on lateral side

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3
Q

What is a positive stroke test?

A

Wave of fluid moves into medial joint compartment on the downward stroke

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4
Q

What is happening during the stroke test?

A

Moving the fluid up into the supra patella pouch (within the joint capsule)

Then reducing the space in the Jc on the downstroke to see if the effusion is large

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5
Q

What is the fluid displacement test?

A

Squeezing the fluid out of the supra patella pouch to detect effusion

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6
Q

How to perform the fluid displacement test?

A

cup around distal thigh and apply downwards pressure - keep hand where it is and then stroke the medial side of the joint , then the lateral side of the joint

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7
Q

What is a positive fluid displacement test?

A

Distension of the opposite side of the knee joint when stroking

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8
Q

What is the patella tap test?

A

Large effusion in the supra patella pouch

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9
Q

How to perform the patella tap test?

A

cup distal thigh and apply downwards pressure - maintain position and apply downward pressure with two fingers not he patella

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10
Q

What is the Apley Grind Test?

A

Testing for tear of the posterior horn of the meniscus

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11
Q

How to perform the Apley Grind?

A

Pt prone ly

My knee on back of pt thigh

Apply towards pressure on foot and grind medially or laterally

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12
Q

Positive Apley grind test?

A

Reproduction of symptoms

Pain or clicking

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13
Q

What is the Apley Distraction test?

A

Testing for a ligament tear

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14
Q

How to perform Apley Distraction?

A

Pt prone ly

My knee on back of pt thigh

Apply upward distraction force with medial and lateral rotation

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15
Q

What is the Thessaly Test?

A

Test for tears of medial or lateral meniscus

- by applying axial load and rotation

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16
Q

How to perform the Thessaly test?

A

Standing, non-test leg flexed -

Test side knee bent to 20, rotate on the tibia three times both ways

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17
Q

What is a positive test of Thessaly’s?

A

reproduction of symptoms at the medial or lateral joint line

(AKP not positive)
Must be >4 weeks post injury

18
Q

What are you testing during the valgus stress test of the knee?

A

Testing integrity of the MCL

19
Q

What is a positive test of the valgus stress test?

A

pain, laxity or gapping

20
Q

How to perform the valgus stress test?

A

Upper hand on outer thigh

Lower hand on medial ankle

Apply pressure through lower hand to stress the medial side of the knee

21
Q

what is the varus stress test?

A

A test for LCL integrity

22
Q

How to perform the varus stress test?

A

Upper hand on medial thigh

Lower hand on outer ankle

Apply pressure through outer ankle to stress medial side of the knee

23
Q

What is a positive varus stress test?

A

PAin, Laxity or gapping

24
Q

What is Lachmanns test for?

A

ACL sprain or rupture

25
Q

What is a positive lachmans test?

A

Pain or excessive anterior translation

26
Q

How to perform LAchmanns test?

A

Pillow under knee

Use lower hand to cup around top of back of calf (thumb on tibial tuberosity)

Use upper hand to stabilise femur

Pull tibia forwards

27
Q

What is a posterior draw test for?

A

PCL sprain or rupture

28
Q

What is a positive posterior draw test?

A

Laxity or excessive posterior translation

29
Q

How to perform the posterior draw test?

A

Both knees bent to 70 degrees - apply force down tibia and observe for posterior draw

30
Q

What is McMurrays test for?

A

Integrity of the medial and lateral meniscus

31
Q

How to perform McMurrays test?

A

Lower hand on ankle
Upper hand over knee joint

bring knee into full flexion - checking for pain or clicking

For medial meniscus - put foot into eversion, slowly lower leg into extension

For lateral meniscus - put foot into inversion, slowly lower leg into extension

32
Q

What is a positive McMurrays test?

A

Pain, apprehension or clicking

In conduction with giving way, effusion or instability symptoms

33
Q

What is Clark’s sign test?

A

Patello-femoral pain syndrome - forcing the normal movement of the patella through the femoral condyles

34
Q

What is a positive Clark’s Sign test?

A

Apprehension or refusal to contract quads

Pain

35
Q

How to perform the Clark’s test?

A

Web of hand down anterior thigh to hold patella down - then ask patient to contract quads

36
Q

What is the patellofemoral compression test for?

A

Testing for abnormal patella tracking - Patellofemoral pain syndrome

37
Q

What is a positive patellofemoral compression test?

A

Pain or discomfort

38
Q

How to perform the patellofemoral compression test?

A

compress the patella while the patient flexes and extends their
leg within a 35 degree range

39
Q

What is the patella apprehension test for?

A

Testing for patellofemoral pain syndrome

40
Q

how to perform the patella apprehension test?

A

Pillow under knee

Apply lateral glide to the patella

41
Q

What is a positive patella apprehension test?

A

Apprehension or active contraction of quads to try and reduce the feeling of instability

Musculoskeletal Studies (38 decks)

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