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Anatomy/Phys (Jr. Year) > Special Senses Test > Flashcards

Special Senses Test Flashcards

1
Q

Adipose

A

supports and cushions (yellow)

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2
Q

Optic Nerve

A

connects to back of eye

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3
Q

Sclera

A

the “white” of the eye

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4
Q

Cornea

A

light enters here

  • anterior part of sclera
  • window on your world
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5
Q

smooth muscle structure

A

ciliary body and iris

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6
Q

Conjunctiva

A

lines the eyelids and covers outer surface

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7
Q

Retina

A

extends anteriorly only to ciliary body

-tunic containing the rods and cones

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8
Q

Pupil

A

round opening that light passes through

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9
Q

Iris

A

colored part of the eye

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10
Q

Ciliary body

A

contains muscle that controls the shape of the lens

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11
Q

Lens

A

focuses light to the retina

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12
Q

Vitreous humor

A

gel-like substance

posterior to lens

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13
Q

Aqueous humor

A

clear watery fluid

anterior to lens

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14
Q

Choroid

A

middle coat of the eyeball

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15
Q

Tapetum lucidum

A

light reflector at the back of eye

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16
Q

Suspensory ligament

A

holds lens to the ciliary body

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17
Q

Blind spot

A

no photoreceptors, optic nerve is present

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18
Q

age, obesity, high blood pressure, smoking, heredity, light eye color

A

Macular degeneration

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19
Q

irregular curvature of the cornea

A

Astigmatism

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20
Q

cloudy spots on the lens, “night vision/halo,” 60% of people over 60

A

Cataracts

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21
Q

detachment from the choroid, aging eye tumors, head traumas

A

Retinal detachment

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22
Q

excessive intraocular pressure

A

Glaucoma

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23
Q

4-8 slits cut into cornea so cornea flattens when it heals

A

RK- Radial Keratotomy

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24
Q

laser assisted in Situ Keratomileusis, cornea shape altered

A

LASIK

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25
Q

External eye muscles (skeletal)

are autonomic/somatic?

A

somatic

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26
Q

Internal eye muscles

A

ciliary body —> lens & pupil (autonomic)

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27
Q

Outer ear

A

pinna/auricle & external auditory canal

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28
Q

Tympanic membrane (ear drum) function

A

causes sound waves to vibrate

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29
Q

Middle ear

A

tympanic cavity, a small air filled cavity within the temporal bone

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30
Q

3 bones that span the tympanic cavity

A 
ossicles => 
1. hammer
2. anvil
3. stirrup 
AKA H.A.S.
31
Q

Explain how sound travels from the ear drum to the hearing receptors

A

Ear drum, hammer, anvil, stirrup, oval window, cochlea, vestibulocochlear nerve

32
Q

Inner ear?

A

bony labyrinth

33
Q

3 subdivisions of inner ear

A

cochlea, vestibule, and semicircular canals

34
Q

Static equilibrium

A

not moving, at rest, gravity

35
Q

Dynamic equilibrium

A

angular/rotary movement

36
Q

Taste and smell

A

both use chemoreceptors, chemicals must be in a solution form

37
Q

Smell:

olfactory receptors are in…

A

the roof of the nasal cavity

38
Q

Taste

A

gustatory cells/receptors, chemicals must be dissolved in saliva

39
Q

Sweet

A

sugar

40
Q

Sour

A

acids

41
Q

Bitter

A

alkaloids/quinine

42
Q

Salty

A

metal ions/NaCl

43
Q

Static equilibrium

A

not moving, at rest, gravity

44
Q

Dynamic equilibrium

A

angular/rotary movement

45
Q

Taste & smell

A

both use chemoreceptors, chemicals must be in a solution form

46
Q

Smell:

olfactory receptors are in…

A

the roof of the nasal cavity

47
Q

Taste

A

gustatory cells/receptors, chemicals must be dissolved in saliva

48
Q

Sweet

A

sugar

49
Q

Sour

A

acids

50
Q

Bitter

A

alkaloids/quinine

51
Q

Salty

A

metal ions/NaCl

52
Q

Myopia

A

nearsightedness, concave lens, |)

53
Q

Hyperopic

A

farsightedness, convex lens, ()

54
Q

distant vision

A
  • ciliary muscle: relaxed
  • lens convexity: decreased
  • degree of light refraction: decreases
55
Q

close vision

A
  • ciliary muscle: contracted
  • lens convexity: increased
  • degree of light refraction: increased
56
Q

lack of all color receptors results

A

total color blindess

57
Q

the ability to see intermediate colors results from one cone type is being stimulated

A

simultaneously

58
Q

refraction

A

light bending

59
Q

accomodation

A

ability to focus for close vision

60
Q

emmetropia

A

normal vision

61
Q

hyperopia

A

inability to focus well on close objects; farsightedness

62
Q

photopupillary

A

reflex-constriction of pupils when they are exposed to bright light

63
Q

cataract

A

cloudinh of the lens, resulting in loss of sight

64
Q

myopia

A

nearsightedness

65
Q

astigmatism

A

blurred vision, resulting from unequal curvatures of the lens or cornea

66
Q

glaucoma

A

condition of increasing pressure inside the eye

67
Q

convergence

A

medical movement of the eyes during focusing on close objects

68
Q

accomodation pupillary reflex

A

reflex constriction of the pupils when viewing close objects

69
Q

night blindness

A

inability to see well in the dark, often a result if vitamin A deficiency

70
Q

convex

A

produces an image that is upside down and produces a real image

71
Q

farsightedness

A

light is focused behind the retina and uses convex (converging)

72
Q

nearsightedness

A

light is focused in front of the retina and uses concave (diverging)

73
Q

canal of schlemm

A

drains the aqueous humor of the eye

74
Q

choroid coat

A

vascular tunic of the eye

Anatomy/Phys (Jr. Year) (30 decks)

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