Ch. 7 Nervous System Test

Question 1

Def of -glia

Answer 1

glue

Question 2

Star shaped cell, blood brain barrier, protects from harmful substances

Answer 2

astrocyte

Question 3

Spider shaped cell, phagocyte (cell that eats dead brain cells)

Answer 3

microglial cell

Question 4

lines brain & spinal cord, circulates CSF

Answer 4

ependymal cell

Question 5

produces a fatty insulating material (myelin sheath), CNS

Answer 5

oligodendrocytes

Question 6

produces a fatty insulating material (myelin sheath) but in the PNS

Answer 6

schwann cells

Question 7

Action potential

Answer 7

rapid change in membrane potential, goes from -70 mV to +30 mV then back to -70 mV

Question 8

Depolarization

Answer 8

charge becomes more +, Na+ moves into the cell

Question 9

Element that makes charge more +

Answer 9

Na

Question 10

Element that makes charge more - or neutral

Answer 10

Ka

Question 11

What charge is the peak

Answer 11

+30

Question 12

What charge is the threshold

Answer 12

-55

Question 13

What charge is rest

Answer 13

-70

Question 14

Absolute refractory period

Answer 14

can’t be disturbed, goes through entire cycle then can re-fire

Question 15

positive feedback loop

Answer 15

depolarization –> Na+ gates open –> Na+ moves in

repeat

Question 16

2 events that stop + feedback loop

Answer 16

1) Na+ channels close

2) K channels open

Question 17

Repolarization

Answer 17

potassium is moving out of cell, returns to rest (-70 mV), once K leaves the more -

Question 18

HYPERpolarization

Answer 18

past being polarized (most negative)

Question 19

Def of neuro

Answer 19

nerve

Question 20

Ion channels are

Answer 20

selective

Question 21

Active

Answer 21

open/close

Question 22

Passive

Answer 22

always open, AKA leakage channel

Question 23

Passive channels maintain..

Answer 23

resting membrane potential

Question 24

Chemically-gated channels

Answer 24

synaptic potential, afferent, taking stimuli in

Question 25

Voltage-gated channels

Answer 25

action potential, efferent

Question 26

Ion channels are needed in..

Answer 26

nerves since ions aren’t soluble in lipid bi-layer

Question 27

Neurons are..

Answer 27

selectively permeable

Question 28

Permeability can change rapidly due to..

Answer 28

number of gates opened

Question 29

More channels, the permeability..

Answer 29

increases

Question 30

K+ moves _____ concentration gradient, __ –> __, in order to reach _______, => outside becomes more _______

Answer 30

down, 6 & 1, equilibrium, positive

Question 31

Resting neurons very permeable to ____ and slightly to ____

Answer 31

K+, Na+

Question 32

Electrochemical gradient is based on _________, ____, and _______, ____ goes to _______ side

Answer 32

concentration gradient, 6:1, electrical attraction, Na+, negative

Question 33

Na-K pump uses __________, (goes against ________ to maintain ______, ____ ratio

Answer 33

ATP/form of active transport, concentration gradient, -70 mV, 3:2

Question 34

__ ____ out, __ ____ in, to maintain ______, AKA the ________

Answer 34

3 Na+, 2 K+ in, -70 mV, resting membrane potential