ATP

Question 1

3 roles of ATP:

Answer 1

1. energize power stroke of the myosin cross bridge(latch)
2. disconnect the myosin cross bridge (release)
3. energize the calcium ion pump (get ready to re-latch)

Question 2

Structure of ATP

Answer 2

A-P~P~P

Question 3

A-P~P~P contains..

Answer 3

1 adenosine, 3 phosphates, & 2 bonds will have high energy

Question 4

Hydrolysis of ATP

Answer 4

how to get energy out of ATP, water breakdown, to release energy

Question 5

Hydrolysis chemical formula:

Answer 5

ATP+H2O—>ADP+Pi+energy

Question 6

Dehydration Synthesis of ATP

Answer 6

exact opposite of Hydrolysis of ATP, it gets ATP and gets rid of water, restores energy

Question 7

Chemical formula for Dehydration Synthesis of ATP:

Answer 7

ADP+Pi+energy—>ATP+H2O

Question 8

ATP as Energy Currency

Answer 8

only gives few seconds of energy(ATP), therefore needs large amounts

Question 9

3 sources of ATP:

Answer 9

hydrolysis of creatine, glycolysis, and kreb’s cycle

Question 10

Hydrolysis of creatine phosphate

Answer 10

creatine phosphate=immediate source for rebuilding ATP (20 sec.), ADP steals 1 phosphate becoming ATP in order to recharge

Question 11

Glycolysis

Answer 11

breakdown of glucose therefore energy, doesn’t involve oxygen

Question 12

2 sources of glucose:

Answer 12

blood(blood sugar) & glycogen(glucose that is long-term storage)

Question 13

Kreb’s cycle

Answer 13

with oxygen, lasts hours, 2 gly+36 kreb= 38 ATPs per glucose

Question 14

ATP stands for?

Answer 14

Adenosine Triphosphate

Question 15

Oxygen debt leads to..

Answer 15

recovery and resting (R&R)

Question 16

White muscle fibers

Answer 16

large diameter, low myoglobin and little capillaries (light color & low oxygen), low mitochondria

Question 17

White muscle fibers run on?..

Answer 17

glycolysis(has high amounts of glucose & glycogen)

Question 18

White muscle fibers type of power and speed:

Answer 18

fast twitch, large # of myofilaments, fatigue quickly *sprinters, short duration

Question 19

Red muscle fibers

Answer 19

1/2 diameter of the white muscle fibers, high myoglobin (dark color & high oxygen), a lot of mitochondria and capillaries, low glycogen (glucose levels)

Question 20

Red muscle fibers run on?..

Answer 20

kreb’s cycle

Question 21

Red muscle fibers type of power and speed:

Answer 21

endurance, slow twitch, resistant to fatigue *long distance runners