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RUSVM Pathology II 2016 > Special Senses > Flashcards

Special Senses Flashcards

1
Q

Hyphema

A

Blood in the anterior chamber

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2
Q

Epiphora

A

Excessive lacrimation

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3
Q

Buphthalmia

A

Enlarged eye

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4
Q

Goniodysgenesis

A

A detectable malformation of the trabecular meshwork

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5
Q

Endophthalmitis

A

Inflammation of the uvea, retina, and vitreous

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6
Q

Progressive retinal dystrophy

A

Inherited metabolic defect of photoreceptors cells

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7
Q

Dyscoria

A

When the lens is misshapen

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8
Q

Conjunctivitis

A

Inflammation of the conjunctiva

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9
Q

Chemosis

A

Severe conjunctival edema

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10
Q

Keratoconjunctivitis

A

Inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva

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11
Q

Keratomalacia

A

Melting cornea due to bacterial infection

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12
Q

Descemetocele

A

Ulcer has gone past the membrane and the basement membrane is coming out

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13
Q

Staphyloma

A

Iris entrapped in the stroma

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14
Q

Phthisis bulbi

A

When the whole eye becomes inflamed, atrophic, and shrunken

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15
Q

Corneal sequestrum

A

Localized necrosis of the epithelium and anterior stroma from severe corneal injury

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16
Q

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca

A

Immune mediated injury to lacrimal glands causing decreased tears and drying out of the cornea/conjunctiva

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17
Q

Blepharospasm

A

Uncontrollable blinking

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18
Q

Hypophyon

A

Exudate in the anterior chamber

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19
Q

Anterior uveitis

A

Exudate settling in the anterior chamber

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20
Q

Anterior uveitis

A

Inflammation of the iris and ciliary body

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21
Q

Posterior uveitis

A

Inflammation of the choroid (choroiditis)

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22
Q

Chorioretinitis

A

Inflammation of the choroid and retina

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23
Q

Panophthalmitis

A

Inflammation of the uvea, retina, vitreous, cornea and sclera

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24
Q

Iris bombe

A

A condition occurring in posterior annular synechia in which an increase in fluid in the posterior chamber causes a forward bulging of the peripheral iris

25
Causes of uveitis
Hypersensitivity, infectious, and lens induced
26
Equine recurrent uveitis
MOST COMMON CAUSE OF BLINDNESS IN HORSES!! characterized by variable degree of uveitis in one or both eyes caused by hypersensitivity to previous systemic infection such as Leptospira
27
Phacolytic
Leakage of lens proteins from hypermature cataract
28
Phacoclastic
Rupture of the lens
29
Retinitis
An extension from choroiditis or encephalitis caused by neurotropic viral infections (rabies, pseudorabies, distemper)
30
Synophthalmia
Incomplete separation of the orbits during embryogenesis
31
Causes of Synophthalmia
Genetic defect, in utero infection (BVD, Bluetongue, akbane, panleukopenia, classical swine fever), in utero exposure to teratogens
32
How do you establish the cause of Synophthalmia?
A thorough examination of history
33
Microphthalmia
Too small of eyes
34
Ankyloblepharon
Normal Adhesion of the eyes in animals such as puppies and kittens
35
Corneal dermoid
Haired skin on the bulbar conjunctiva or cornea
36
Lens luxation
The lens can come in front of the iris or slip down behind it
37
Iris Coloboma
Iris does not fuse during development
38
Coloboma
notch like defect of the optic disk, retina, and/or uvea as a result of defective closure of the embryonic fissure of the eye
39
Retinal dysplasia
Jumbling of retinal layers as a result of retinal injuries in the embryonic eye caused by BVD, Bluetongue, canine parvovirus/feline panleukopenia
40
Feline diffuse iris melanoma
Most common intra ocular neoplasm especially In cats with yellow eyes Most are malignant
41
Uveal melanoma
Most common intraocular neoplasm of other species besides cats Benign in dogs
42
Melanoma of the eye in cats - malignant or benign?
Malignant
43
Melanoma of the eye in dogs- malignant or benign?
Benign
44
Melanoma of the hair skin of the eyelid - malignant or benign?
Benign
45
Melanoma of the conjunctiva - malignant or benign?
Malignant
46
Ciliary adenoma/ carcinoma
Greater in dogs than cats Most are benign Discrete nodules in posterior segment
47
Intraocular sarcoma
Unique to cats Arises from ocular trauma Malignant with wide spread invasion even after enucleation Probably derived from lenticular epithelium
48
Uveal lymphoma
Most common metastasis involving the eye especially in cats Thickening/pallor of uvea
49
Meibomian adenoma
Sebaceous tumor of dogs that appears tan, greasy, and cauliflower shaped
50
Corneal lipidosis
Associated with hyperlipidemia | Somewhat crystalline
51
Underlying factors of otitis externa
``` Allergic skin disease Ectoparasitism Foreign bodies Conformation - pendulous ears, stenotic acoustical meatus, hair Moisture ```
52
Consequences of otitis externa
``` Fibrosis Adnexal atrophy and hyperkeratosis Osseous metaplasia of cartilage leading to stenosis of acoustical meatus Constant ear infections Middle and inner ear infections ```
53
Consequences of otitis media
``` Inflammation (myringitis) or perforation of tympanic membrane Erosion of auditory ossicles Horners syndrome Osteosclerosis of the tympanic bulla Formation of inflammatory polyps Progression to otitis interna ```
54
What is the other name for otitis interna?
Labyrinthitis
55
Consequences of otitis interna
Extension through the internal acoustic meatus leading to meningitis Vestibular disease- head tilt, nystagmus, ataxia, circling, facial paralysis Sensory hair cell loss leading to permanent hearing impairment
56
Auricular hematoma
Caused by excessive head shaking --> centrifugal shearing forces fracture cartilage and lacerate blood vessels
57
Ceruminous neoplasia
Most common neoplasm of the external acoustic meatus of dogs and cats
58
Are ceruminous adenomas more common in dogs or cats?
Dogs
59
Are ceruminous carcinomas more common in dogs or cats?
Cats

RUSVM Pathology II 2016 (11 decks)

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