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Surg Tech A&P > Special Senses > Flashcards

Special Senses Flashcards

1
Q

sensation

A
  • conscious subconscious awareness of external/internal stimuli
  • uninterpreted form of stimulus
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2
Q

perception

A

conscious awareness and interpretation of a sensation when sensory information reaches cortex

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3
Q

pathway of detection to interpretation

A
  • stimulation
  • transduction
  • impulse generation & conduction
  • integration
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4
Q

exteroceptors

A
  • surface of body

- information external environment

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5
Q

interoceptors

A
  • visceral organs/blood vessels

- information internal enviroment

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6
Q

proprioceptors

A
  • body/joint position

- inner ear, muscles, tendons, articulation

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7
Q

nociceptors

A

pain stimulus

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8
Q

chemoreceptors

A

changes in chemical concentrations

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9
Q

mechanoreceptors

A

mechanical pressure/stretching

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10
Q

sensory adaptaion

A
  • change in sensitivity to a stimulus

- prevents sensory overload

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11
Q

4 modalities of somatic sensation

A
  • tactile
  • thermal
  • pain
  • proprioceptive
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12
Q

meissners corpuscles

A

fine touch

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13
Q

pacinian corpuscles

A

pressure

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14
Q

proprioception

A

appreciation of of kinesthesia (body position)

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15
Q

gustation

A
  • taste

- %80 of taste result of olfaction (smell)

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16
Q

external ear (auricle)

A

funnel collects sound waves channeling them towards middle ear

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17
Q

ceruminous glands

A

ear wax

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18
Q

tympanic membrane

A
  • marks end of external ear

- seperates external ear to middle ear

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19
Q

middle ear

A

-tympanic cavity

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20
Q

ossicles

A

3 small bones extending across middle ear

-connects tympanic membrane to oval window

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21
Q

oval window

A
  • in*

- opening between middle and inner ear

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22
Q

eustachian (auditory) tube

A

extends from middle ear to pharynx

-equalizes pressure across tympanic membrane

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23
Q

bony labrynth

A

-perilymph

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24
Q

membraneous labyrinth

A

-endolymph

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25
Q

semicircular canals

A

contains ampulla responsible for dynamic equilibrium

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26
Q

vestibule

A
  • connects canals/cochlea, responsible for static equilibrium
  • utricle saccule
27
Q

scala media

A

contains organ of court

28
Q

air conduction

29
Q

bone donduction

A

middle ear

30
Q

fluid conduction

31
Q

vestibular apparatus

A

collective structures affording equilibrium

32
Q

nerves synapse with?

A

neurons located in medulla oblongata/pons

33
Q

eyelids (palpebral)

A

open closing eye

34
Q

hair follicle sebaceous glands..

A

lubricate fluid onto cilia

35
Q

ciliary muscle of the eye

36
Q

iris muscle

A

dilation/constriction

37
Q

lacrimal glands

A

secrete lacrimal fluid (1cc a day)

38
Q

lacrimal ducts

A

drain glands

39
Q

tears

A

clean lubricate moisten cornea

40
Q

conjunctiva

A

vascular mucus membrane

  • palpebral: thicker portion
  • bulbar: thinner transparent (cornealscleral, uveal, retinal)
41
Q

cornea

A

admit/refract light rays entering globe

42
Q

sclera

A
  • white of the eye

- provide shape support protection to inner eye

43
Q

vascular tunic

A
  • iris
  • cilary body (aqueous humor)
  • choroid: absorption of light rays
44
Q

pigmented epitheium

A

absorbs scattered light rays within globe

45
Q

rods

A

black and white color

46
Q

cones

47
Q

crystalline lens

A

focus light rays to a focal point

48
Q

tonometry

A

diagnose glaucoma

49
Q

conjunctivitis

A

inflammation of conjunctiva

50
Q

cataracts

A

progressive opacity of eyes

51
Q

glaucoma

A

increased intraoccular pressure by excessive aqueous humor

52
Q

strabismus

A

deviation of one eye

53
Q

diplopia

A

double vision

54
Q

amblyopia

A

suppression of image from affected eye

55
Q

retinal detachment

A

vitreous humor allowed to flow behind loosened retinal portion

56
Q

otitis media

A

infection/inflammation of middle ear cavity

57
Q

otosclerosis

A

unbalanced bone formation, excessive bone in middle ear

58
Q

menieres

A

inner ear labyrinth disorder adults 30-50

59
Q

stye

A

external hordeolum

60
Q

chalazion

A

internal hordeolum

61
Q

myopia

A

see near, not far

62
Q

hyperopia

A

far not near

63
Q

lysozyme

A

antibacterial agent found in tears

Surg Tech A&P (16 decks)

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