Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Surg Tech A&P > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

functions of the nervous system (3)

A
  • sensory function: sense changes in intern an external environments
  • integrative function: analyzes/stores information; makes decisions based upon info
  • motor function: responds to stimuli
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

nervous system cell types

A
  • NEURON
    1. unable to undergo mitosis
    2. generate/conduct impulses
  • NEUROGLIA
    1. support/nurture/protect neurons
    2. capable of mitosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

parts of central nervous system (2)

A
  • brain

- spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

parts/function of peripheral nervous system (4)

A
  • cranial(12)/spinal nerves(31)
  • serves as the “wires” for CNS
  • sensory and motor function
  • subdivided somatic & autonomic nervous system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

somatic nervous system (2)

A
  • “voluntary nervous system”

- carries sensory information to CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

autonomic nervous sytem

A
  • “involuntary nervous system”
  • carries impulses from CNS to visceral smooth muscle
  • subdivided into sympathetic/parasympathetic division
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

sympathetic division ANS

A
  • prepares body for energy expending activity

- flight or fight response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

parasympathetic division of ANS

A
  • pacifies body

- allows for rest conservation of energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Parts of a neuron (3)

A
  • cell body
  • dendrite
  • axon
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

part of neuron: cell body (2)

A
  • neurofibrils form cytoskeleton

- chromatophilic nissil bodies make roughER for protein synthasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

part of neuron: dendrites (2)

A
  • input processes for neuron

- tree like branches extend from cell body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

part of neuron: axon (3)

A
  • joins cell body at cone shaped “axon hillock”
  • propagate impulses away from cell body
  • end in synaptic bulbs (knobs); carrying synaptic vesicles ; storing neurotransmitters
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

schwann cells (2)

A
  • neurolemmocytes
  • produce myelin sheaths (protein rich lipid sheath)
  • most neurons of PNS
  • nodes of ranvier
  • increase speed of impulse delivery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q
  • myelin is made in CNS by?

- myelin is made in PNS by?

A
  • oligodendrocytes

- neurolemmocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

structural classification of neuron: MULTIPOLAR (3)

A
  • several dendrites
  • 1 long prominent axon
  • most neurons within brain/spinal cord
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

structural classification of neuron: BIPOLAR (2)

A
  • 1 dendrite/ 1 axon

- retina/inner ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

structural classification of neuron: UNIPOLAR (4)

A
  • one process that branches
  • aggregate in special masses of nervous tissue
  • ganglion
  • located just outside the CNS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

functional classification of neuron: SENSORY (afferent)

A

-transmit impulses from sensory receptors to CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

functional classification of neuron: INTERNEURONS (2)

A
  • found entirely in CNS

- convey impulses within CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

functional classification of neuron: MOTOR (efferent) (2)

A
  • multipolar neurons

- convey Impulses out of CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

how many classifications of neuroglia in CNS/PNS?

A
  • CNS: 4

- PNS: 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

CNS neuroglia: astrocytes

A
  • star shaped cells
  • form blood-brain barrier
  • regulate entry of substances to the CNS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

CNS neuroglia: oligodendrocytes (3)

A
  • produce myelin of CNS
  • most numerous glial cell of CNS
  • do not produce neurilemmae
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

CNS neuroglia: ependymal cells

A
  • regulate cerebral spinal fluid
  • work blood barrier keeping substances out of brain
  • one cell layer thick, porous membrane
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

CNS neuroglia: microglial cells (2)

A
  • 4th of CNS glial cells

- provide structure support/ immune protection

26
Q

what are the PNS neuroglia?

A
  1. satellite cells

2. schwann cells

27
Q

what is a synapse?

A

the functional (not physical connection) between axon of neuron and dendrite or cell body of other neuron

28
Q

function of synapse (2)

A
  • allow one way communication between neurons/cells

- allow information to be integrated and filtered

29
Q

structure of synapse: PRESYNAPTIC NEURON

A

-carries nerve impulse towards synapse

30
Q

structure of synapse: SYNAPTIC CLEFT

A

-physical gap separating interaction neurons at chemical synapse

31
Q

structure of synapse: POSTSYNAPTIC NEURON

A

-receives signal at synapse from axon

32
Q

what is cell membrane potential? (3)

A
  • difference in electrical charge between fluid just inside and just outside the cell membrane
  • outside SODIUM
  • inside POTASSIUM
33
Q

what is a cell exhibiting cell membrane potential said to be?

A

polarized

34
Q

cell membrane potential: RESTING MEMBRANE POTENTIAL

A
  • resting membrane potential of a neuron is NEGATIVE -70

- inside cell

35
Q

cell membrane potential: GRADED POTENTIAL (2)

A
  • deviation from resting membrane potential by stimulus
  • degree of change proportional to intensity and duration of stimulus from graded potential
  • activation potential is -55
36
Q

all or none response (2)

A
  • nerve impulse conducted whenever stimulus threshold potential or greater is reached in the trigger zone
  • all impulses same strength
37
Q

what is continuous conduction?

A

-step by step depolarization of go each adjacent portion of axolemma
-only un-myelinated axons
pain sensation vs motor sensation

38
Q

what type of propagation do myelinated cells exhibit?

A

saltatory (leaping) conduction

39
Q

what triggers release of neurotransmitters from synaptic vesicles in synaptic cleft?

A

increase in intracellular calcium triggers exocytosis

40
Q

excitatory post-synaptic potential (4)

A
  • EPSP
  • back to ZERO
  • causes depolarization
  • brings closer to threshold/impulse
41
Q

inhibitory post-synaptic potential

A
  • IPSP
  • away from ZERO
  • causes hyperpolarization
  • further from threshold/impulse
42
Q

neurotransmitters (3)

A
  • biochemical messengers released from synaptic vesicles
  • relay nerve impulses across chemical synapse
  • excitatory or inhibitory
43
Q

neurotranmitter: ACETYLCHOLINE

A

-excitatory neurotransmitter in motor division of somatic nervous system

44
Q

steps for inactivation of neurotransmitters 1-3

A
  1. presence of enzymes in synaptic cleft rapidly decompose
  2. neurotrans reabsorbed by presynaptic/nearby neuron
  3. astrocytes via endocytosis (reuptake)
45
Q

Choroid plexuses

A

Responsible for formation of cerebral spinal fluid

46
Q

gray matter

A
  • unmyelinated axons

- receives and integrates outgoing information (reflex arcs)

47
Q

white matter

A
  • myelinated

- 2 way highway for nerve impulses

48
Q

choroid plexuses are responsible for…

A

the formation of cerebral spinal fluid

49
Q

order of reflex arc

really sick idiots means er

A
  1. receptor
  2. sensory neuron
  3. integrating center
  4. motor neuron
  5. effector
50
Q

how many nerves / vertebrae

A

33vertebrae/31 nerves

51
Q

what is the caudina equine?

A
  • anchors cord to coccyx

- roots angle inferiorly/travel vertically

52
Q

dorsal root

A

sensory nerve fibers

53
Q

dorsal root ganglion

A

periphery unipolar sensory neurons

54
Q

ventral root

A

motor neurons

55
Q

cerebrum contains what matter on the outside and in/

A
  • white matter outside
  • grey matter inside
  • largest part of the brain
56
Q

what does limbic system govern

A
  • emotional aspects

- rings of structures

57
Q

3 parts of the Diencephalon

A
  • thalmus
  • hypothalmus
  • pineal gland
58
Q

cerebellum

A

coordinates and smoothes skeletal muscle movement

59
Q

cervical plexus/phenic nerve

A

diaphragm

60
Q

brachial plexus

A

innervates shoulders/arms

61
Q

median nerve

A

in brachial plexus

  • forearm
  • skin
  • hands
62
Q

lumbosacral plexus /sciatic nerve

A

supplies buttox, perineum, lower limbs

Surg Tech A&P (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions