Lymphatic System Flashcards
lymph fluid (3)
- clear, pale-yellow fluid
- has entered lymphatic system
- very similar to blood plasma
lymphatics (2)
- “pipes”
- transport medium
lymphatic tissue (2)
- large numbers agranular leukocytes,
- facilitates response to pathogens
functions of lymphatic system (3)
- drainage of tissue interstices
- transportation of dietary lipids
- protection from pathogenic invasion (collects, concentrates, exposes)
lacteals (2)
- specialized lymphatic capillaries in vili
- carry absorbed dietary lipids/lipid-soluble vitamins
chyle (2)
- lymph formed in small intestine
- thick milky white from dietary fats
lymphatic capillaries (3)
- smallest of lymphatics
- tubes extend deep into tissue
- absorbs interstitial fluid
intimal valves
promote unidirectional flow of lymph
afferent vessels
-vessels relay lymph towards a node
efferent vessels (2)
- vessels drain and convey lymph
- emerges form the hilum
lymphatic trunks
- drain certain regions of the body
- 3 layers
- 9 total trunks
list the 9 lymphatic trunks (4)
- R&L lumbar
- R&L bronchomediastinal
- R&L subclavian trunks
- intestinal trunk
lymphatic collecting ducts (3)
- drainage passes from trunks to ducts
- 2 large main channels
- relay drainage to venous system in inferior cervical region
right lymphatic duct
- receives drainage from superior right quarter of the body
- R.subclavian
- R.jugular
- R.bronchomediastinal
left lymphatic duct
- “thoracic duct”
- receives drainage from superior left and inferior quarters
cisterna chill receives all lymphatic drainage from…
right and left lumbar trunks
immune response
body’s ability to defend itself against specific, recognized invading agents
antigen
any agent that has breached the body first and second lines of defense (innate or nonspecific) and provokes immune response
why are the primary lymphatic organs “primary” (2)
- ) sites where hematopoietic stem cells divide and produce mature immunocompetent lymphocytes
- ) site where immature lymphocytes become immunocompetent
primary lymphatic organ “Red Bone Marrow” (3)
gives rise to both:
- mature immunocompetent B-lymphocytes
- immature pre T-lymphocytes
primary lymphatic organ “Thymus Gland” (4)
- bi-lobed
- anterior, superior, mediastinum
- pre T-lymphocytes proliferate, mature
- thymosins aid maturation process
thymus gland at 25 years old… (3)
- functional portion reduced
- thymic atrophy
- populates secondary lymphatic organs
secondly lymphatic organs (2)
- sites where most immune responses occur
- speen, lymph nodes
spleen (4)
- largest of lymphatic organs
- left hypochondriac region (LUQ)
- lymph node for circulatory system
- filtration, phagocytosis, immune surveillance
spleen functions relating to erythrocytes/thrombocytes
- REMOVAL of old defective erythro/thrombocytes
- STORAGE serves as blood reservoir
- HEMOPOIESIS produces 1/3 of fetuses erythrocytes
secondly lymphatic organ “lymph nodes”
- bean shaped organs often arranged in chains
- survey drainage from a body region/series of organs
- covered by capsule
functions of lymph nodes
- filtration of lymph: filter for lymph
- antibody formation: lymph backs up in nodes increasing interaction with lymphocytes and chance of activating immune response
axillary
- drains:
- upper appendages
- wall of thorax
- upper abdomen
- mammary glands
pelvic
- surveys drainage:
- internal reproductive organs
- other pelvic viscera
abdominal node
- aka periaortic node
- surveys drainage from abdominal viscera
lymphatic nodules (MALT)
- not considered true organs
- gastrointestinal, urinary, reproductive tract
- MALT mucosa associated lymphatic tissue
tonsils
- 5 “sets” (2,2,1)
- pharyngeal/adenoids: adenoidectomy
- palatine: tonsillectomy
- lingual
peyers patches
work as tonsils for intestines
movement of lymph
- resembles floe of blood through venous system
- low pressure, low volume
types of lymph movement (5)
- intimal valves
- skeletal pumps
- breathing muscle pumps
- vaso-motion
- hyrd-ostatic pressure
lymphoma
-highly malignant neoplasm
lymphadenitis
inflammation of lymph nodes
