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Surg Tech A&P > Reproductive System > Flashcards

Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

functions of the reproductive system

A
  • production/nurturing of cells
  • transportation of sex cells
  • production of sex hormones
  • protection/nourishment of developing offspring
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2
Q

what distinguishes female primary/secondary sex organs?

A

whether or not they produce sex cells and hormones

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3
Q

ovaries

A
  • only primary female sex organ*
  • produce/maintain female gamete
  • ovoid shaped glands size of almond
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4
Q

ovarian stroma

A

-functional tissue of each solid gland
-2 regions:
outer cortex
inner medulla

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5
Q

ovarian cortex (outer stroma)

A

-contains cells that:
produce gametes
nourish developing gametes
produce female sex hormones

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6
Q

ovarian medulla (inner stroma)

A
  • delivers nutrients/removes waste from cortex

- primary supportive layer

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7
Q

what is each ovary held in place by?

A

supportive ovarian ligaments

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8
Q

ovarian ligament

A

medial aspect of ovary to lateral wall

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9
Q

suspensory ligament (infundivulopelvic)

A

lateral aspect of ovary to postero-medial pelvic wall

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10
Q

female sex cells

A

ova

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11
Q

oocyte maturation

A

a

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12
Q

chromosomes in diploid cell

A

46 chromosomes

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13
Q

chromosomes in haploid cell

A

23 chromosomes

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14
Q

oogenesis

A

diploid cell splits into 2 haploid cells

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15
Q

menarche

A

females first menstrual cycle

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16
Q

fertilization

A

secondary oocyte penetrated by sperm cell

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17
Q

point at which individual becomes reproductively mature is known as?

A

puberty

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18
Q

female primary sex characteristics

A
  • initial release of ESTROGEN initiates development*
  • development/enlargement ovaries
  • accessory sex organs
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19
Q

female secondary sex characteristics

A
  • initial release of ESTROGEN initiates development*
  • breasts
  • adipose tissue
  • voice pitch
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20
Q

estrogen

A

generator

development and maintenance of primary/secondary sex characteristics

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21
Q

progesterone

A

maintainer

22
Q

lateral, open, funnel shaped end of fallopian tubes?

A

infundibulum

23
Q

innermost uterine wall (mucosa)

A

ciliated columnar epithelium and secretory cells

24
Q

middle layer uterine wall (muscular)

A

smooth muscle tissue

25
Q

what are the ideal sites of sperm fertilization?

A

uterine tubes

26
Q

fundus

A
  • superior most portion of uterus

- superior to uterine tubes

27
Q

corpus

A
  • uterine body

- central most portion

28
Q

cervix

A

inferior most portion of uterus

29
Q

endometrium

A

innermost layer of the uterine wall

30
Q

myomentrium

A
  • middle layer of uterine wall
  • thickest
  • smooth muscle fibers
31
Q

visceral peritoneum (perimetrium)

A

-outermost layer

-

32
Q

4 paired ligaments of uterus

A
  • round ligaments
  • broad ligaments
  • cardinal (lateral cervical) ligaments
  • uterosacral ligaments
33
Q

vagina

A

female copulatory organ

34
Q

external opening of vagina

A

vaginal orifice or introitus

35
Q

bartholins glands are located

A

vagina

36
Q

skenes glands are located

A

female urethra

37
Q

name and function used collectively for female external accessory organs?

A
  • Vulva/Pudendum

- aids in copulation

38
Q

parts of vulva/pudendum

A
  • mons pubis
  • labia majora
  • labia minora
  • clitoris
39
Q

lactation

A
  • the synthesis secretion and ejection of milk

- prolactin/oxytocin

40
Q

prolactin

A
  • synthesis and secretion of milk

- anterior pituitary hormone

41
Q

oxytocin

A
  • ejection of milk

- posterior pituitary hormone

42
Q

areola

A

circular pigmented area surrounding nipple

43
Q

average duration of menstrual cycle?

A

28 days

44
Q

average onset of menarche?

A

12.8 years

45
Q

menopause

A

cessation of menstrual cycle in late forties early fifties

46
Q

menstrual phase (5)

A
  • estrogen/progesterone levels drop
  • endometrial ischemia/sloughing
  • anterior pituitary secretes FSH
  • stimulates development primary ovarian follicle
  • ovarian follicle secretes estrogen responsible for regeneration and development of endo wall
47
Q

what causes ovulation?

A

sudden surge in LH

48
Q

secretory/luteal phase?

A
  • maintains uterus lining

- development of stratum functionalis

49
Q

primary male sex organ

A
  • testes*
  • paired
  • produce maintain male gametes
50
Q

seminiferous tubules

A
  • produce sperm cells

- coiled convoluted tubes

Surg Tech A&P (16 decks)

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