Special Senses 1

Question 1

What is found at the surface of taste buds?

Answer 1

A small apical pore

Question 2

What do basal cells act as?

Answer 2

Stem cells

Question 3

What are the 5 principle tastes?

Answer 3

Sweet, sour, bitter, salty and unami

Question 4

What happens when an appropriate chemical enters the apical pore and binds to receptors in a taste bud?

Answer 4

Depolarisation of the cell and release of neurotransmitter

Question 5

What is olfaction epithelium?

Answer 5

Smell

Question 6

What is olfactory epithelium lined with?

Answer 6

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 7

What are the three cell types of olfactory epithelium?

Answer 7

Olfactory receptor cells
Sustentacular cells
Basal cells

Question 8

What do receptor cells have?

Answer 8

Olfactory knob that extends above the epithelium

Question 9

What type of epithelium is the olfactory mucosa?

Answer 9

Neuroepithelium

Question 10

What do sustentacular cells have lots of?

Answer 10

Apical mucrovilli

Question 11

What are the only cells that can extend axons into the central nervous system?

Answer 11

Basal cells

Question 12

What does the lamina propria contain?

Answer 12

Blood vessels, Bowmans glands and bundles of axons from the receptor cells

Question 13

What are Bowmans glands?

Answer 13

Tubuloalveolar glands that produce a serous secretion that is released at the surface and dissolve odorants

Question 14

Describe the spiral turn of the cochlea?

Answer 14

2.5 turn

Question 15

Where is the central core of the cochlea?

Answer 15

In the modiolus

Question 16

What is the ganglion of the bipolar nerve cell bodies?

Answer 16

Spiral ganglion

Question 17

What are the compartments of the cochlea?

Answer 17

Scala vestibuli, Scala tympani and cochlear duct

Question 18

Where do the Scala vestibuli and scala tympani communicate?

Answer 18

At the tip of the cochlea

Question 19

How are sounds produced in the cochlea?

Answer 19

Transduced by hair cells in the organ of corti

Question 20

Where does the organ of corti sit?

Answer 20

Basilar membrane

Question 21

What gets longer and thicker when is approaches the tip of the cochlea?

Answer 21

Basilar membrane

Question 22

Where is the lower frequency of sound in the organ of corti?

Answer 22

Near the tip

Question 23

Where is the high frequency of sound in the organ of corti?

Answer 23

Near the base

Question 24

What are the main receptors in the organ of corti?

Answer 24

Inner hair cells

Question 25

What does each semicircular duct contain?

Answer 25

A swelling called the ampulla

Question 26

What is the sensory organ within the ampulla?

Answer 26

Crista ampullaris

Question 27

What are the sterocilia embedded in?

Answer 27

Cupola

Question 28

What are the 2 swellings in the vestibule?

Answer 28

Utricle and saccule

Question 29

What are the utricle and saccule lined with?

Answer 29

Simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 30

What is the sensory epithelium called?

Answer 30

Macula

Question 31

Modified sweat gland in the ear canal?

Answer 31

Cervminous glands

Question 32

What is the name of the tip of cochlea and what communicates here?

Answer 32

Helicotrema and the scala vestibule and scala tympani

Question 33

Set of hair cells?

Answer 33

3-5 rows of outer hair cells

1 row of inner hair cells

Question 34

What are the support cell of the hair cells called?

Answer 34

Phalangeal cells

Question 35

The utricle and saccule determine?

Answer 35

Head position

Question 36

The semicircular canals determine?

Answer 36

Head movement