Male Reproductive System

Question 1

What are the functions of the male reproductive system?

Answer 1

Production of spermatozoa, delivery of semen into female reproductive tract and production of androgens (testosterone)

Question 2

What are the two layers of mesothelium in the scrotum?

Answer 2

Parietal and visceral tunica vaginalis

Question 3

What is the capsule called that covers the testis?

Answer 3

Tunica Albuginea

Question 4

What sends septa into the testis?

Answer 4

Tunica Vasculosa

Question 5

What is each seminiferous tubule connected with?

Answer 5

Tubuli recti to a network of channels known as the rete testis

Question 6

Function of rete testis?

Answer 6

Carries sperm out of the testis by connecting to a series of efferent ducts that form part of the head of the epididymis

Question 7

What does the body and tail of the epididymis form?

Answer 7

A single coiled tube

Question 8

What conveys sperm away from the scrotum along the spermatic cord during ejaculation?

Answer 8

Vas deferens

Question 9

What lines the seminiferous tubules?

Answer 9

Seminiferous epithelium with sertoli cells

Question 10

What is found in the interstices between the tubules within the connective tissue?

Answer 10

Leydig cells

Question 11

What are Leydig cells?

Answer 11

Endocrine cells producing testosterone

Question 12

What is the process of proliferation and maturation that transforms diploid spermatogonia into haploid spermatozoa?

Answer 12

Spermatogeneis

Question 13

How does a clonal syncytium form?

Answer 13

From every mitotic division that results in type B spermatogonia onwards cytokinesis is incomplete

Question 14

Is the Meiosis 1 fast or slow?

Answer 14

Slow

Question 15

Is Meiosis 2 fast or slow?

Answer 15

Fast

Question 16

What are present between germ cells?

Answer 16

Support cells and sertoli cells

Question 17

What cell extends all the way from the basal lamina to the lumen of the tubule?

Answer 17

Sertoli cells

Question 18

Functions of Sertoli cells?

Answer 18

Secrete factors that regulate spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis

Secrete factors that control Leydig cells

Secrete tubular fluid

Phagocytose discarded spermatid cytoplasm

Divide the tubule epithelium into 2 compartments via tight junctions

Question 19

What does Adluminal compartment contain?

Answer 19

All other developing cells

Question 20

What does Basal compartment contain?

Answer 20

Spermatogonia and early primary spermatocytes

Question 21

What is the process that release spermatozoa by the Sertoli cells into the lumen of the seminiferous tubule?

Answer 21

Spermination

Question 22

Where are the rete testis found?

Answer 22

At the end of seminiferous tubules

Question 23

What lines the rete testis?

Answer 23

Simple cuboidal epithelium with cilia

Question 24

How many efferent ducts are there?

Answer 24

12

Question 25

What is the function of the efferent ducts?

Answer 25

To carry sperm from the rete testis to the head of the epididymis

Question 26

What lines the Efferent ducts?

Answer 26

Ciliated pseudo stratified columnar epithelium

Question 27

What lines the Epididymis?

Answer 27

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with sterocilia

Question 28

What cells surround the epididymis?

Answer 28

Smooth muscle cells

Question 29

What lines the vas deferens?

Answer 29

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with sterocilia

Question 30

What are the three coats of smooth muscle in the vas deferens?

Answer 30

Outer and inner longitudinal layer and a middle circular layer

Question 31

How many seminiferous tubules are in each lobule?

Answer 31

1-3

Question 32

What occurs in the epididymis?

Answer 32

Sperm mature and are temporarily stored

Question 33

What is the epididymis continuous with?

Answer 33

Ductus deferens

Question 34

What is the function of ductus deferens?

Answer 34

Convey sperm away from the scrotum along the spermatic cord

Question 35

How long does spermatogenesis take?

Answer 35

70 days

Question 36

What do Type A dark spermatogonia form?

Answer 36

A pool of self-renewing stem cells or type A pale spermatogonia

Question 37

What forms Type B spermatogonia?

Answer 37

Type A pale Spermatogonia after undergoing mitotic division

Question 38

How long does meiosis I take?

Answer 38

3 weeks

Question 39

How long does meiosis II take?

Answer 39

Less than a day

Question 40

What are the support cells within the seminiferous tubules?

Answer 40

Sertoli cells

Question 41

What is within the acrosomal cap?

Answer 41

Enzymes that allow access through the corona radiate and zona pellucida

Question 42

What occurs to the nucleus of the spermatid during maturation?

Answer 42

It elongates

Question 43

How is the flagellum of the sperm formed?

Answer 43

One centriole elongates

Question 44

What is a residual body?

Answer 44

The released cytoplasm from the spermatid

Question 45

What happens to the residual body?

Answer 45

It is phagocytosed by the sertoli cells

Question 46

When are the spermatozoa capable of swimming and fertilisation?

Answer 46

During their passage through the epididymis

Question 47

What is abundant in Leydig cells?

Answer 47

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 48

What do Leydig cells respond to?

Answer 48

LH

Question 49

What secrete LH?

Answer 49

Pituitary gland

Question 50

What do seminiferous tubules end as?

Answer 50

Straight tubules known as tubule recti

Question 51

Where is the rate testis found?

Answer 51

In the mediastinum of testis

Question 52

What does smooth muscle surrounding the efferent ducts form?

Answer 52

Thin circular sheath

Question 53

What does the fluted profile of the lumen of the vas deferens allow?

Answer 53

Expansion during ejaculation

Question 54

What are sterocilia?

Answer 54

Giant microvili

Question 55

What innervates the smooth muscle of the vas deferens?

Answer 55

Sympathetic nervous system

Question 56

What is within the spermatic cord?

Answer 56

The pampiniform plexus