Lymphoid Tissue

Question 1

The innate immune system retains the phagocytic system in the form of what?

Answer 1

Monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils

Question 2

How can you find primary lymphoid organs?

Answer 2

Sites of lymphocyte production and maturation (bone marrow and thymus)

Question 3

How can you find secondary lymphoid organs?

Answer 3

Sites to which lymphocytes migrate and aggregate in large numbers (spleen, lymph nodes and lymph nodules)

Question 4

What are the three forms of lymphocytes?

Answer 4

B Lymphocytes, T Lymphocytes and Natural killer cells

Question 5

What are distinctive whorls of epithelial cells called?

Answer 5

Hassall’s corpuscles

Question 6

The system of lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes provide?

Answer 6

Drainage of lymph into the vascular system.

Surveillance of tissue for signs of antigens from foreign invaders, such as bacteria

Delivery of absorbed fats from the small intestine into the vascular system via lymphatic vessels in the villi of the small intestine

Question 7

What centre does a secondary follicle have?

Answer 7

Germinal centre

Question 8

What does the medulla of the lymph node contain?

Answer 8

Medullary cords and medullary sinuses

Question 9

Where do B cells mature into plasma cells?

Answer 9

Medulla

Question 10

What are the functions of the spleen?

Answer 10

Produce immune response against blood borne antigens

Removal of participate matter and aged blood cells

Production of blood cells during foetal life

Question 11

What is the white pulp made up of?

Answer 11

T cells and B cells

Question 12

What is the red pulp made of?

Answer 12

Blood filled capillaries

Question 13

What is the main role of adaptive immunity?

Answer 13

Destruction

Question 14

What are barriers against invasion?

Answer 14

Skin
Mucosa
Stomach acid
Antibacterial agents

Question 15

What are phagocytes?

Answer 15

Macrophages and neutrophils

Question 16

What is the adaptive immunity based on?

Answer 16

Lymphocytes and cell surface receptors

Question 17

What must lymphocytes not react to in adaptive immunity?

Answer 17

Self antigens

Question 18

What are examples of autoimmune diseases?

Answer 18

Rheumatoid Arthritis
Addison’s disease
Multiple sclerosis
Hashimoto disease
Graves’ disease
Myasthenia gravis

Question 19

What is the tissue attacked in Rheumatoid Arthritis?

Answer 19

Synovial joints

Question 20

What is the tissue attacked in Addison’s disease?

Answer 20

Adrenal cortex

Question 21

What is the tissue attacked in Multiple sclerosis?

Answer 21

CNS myelin

Question 22

What is the tissue attacked in Hashimoto’s disease?

Answer 22

Thyroid gland

Question 23

What is the tissue attacked in Graves’ disease?

Answer 23

Thyroid gland

Question 24

What is the tissue attacked in Myasthenia Gravis?

Answer 24

Neuromuscular junction

Question 25

What do B cells produce?

Answer 25

Antibodies

Question 26

What do T cells participate in?

Answer 26

Cellular immunity

Question 27

What is each lobe of the thymus subdivided by?

Answer 27

Septa of reticular fibres

Question 28

What do immature T cells leave?

Answer 28

Blood vessels

Question 29

Where do immature T cells enter?

Answer 29

Cortex of thymus

Question 30

What happens to failed T cells?

Answer 30

Undergo apoptosis and phagocytosis by macrophages

Question 31

What happens to the T cells that survive?

Answer 31

Enter the medulla and interact with epithelial cells

Question 32

Where are Hassalls corpuscles?

Answer 32

Medulla of thymus

Question 33

Where are lymph nodes found?

Answer 33

Neck, axillae and groin

Question 34

Lymphoid follicles can be?

Answer 34

Primary or secondary

Question 35

Paracortical region is populated with what?

Answer 35

T cells

Question 36

An example of MALT?

Answer 36

Waldeyer’ ring

Question 37

Examples of extracellular killers?

Answer 37

Lymphocytes and eosinophils

Question 38

What must the immune system have the ability to do?

Answer 38

Distinguish from self and non-self

Question 39

What happens when the immune system fails to distinguish between self and non-self?

Answer 39

An autoimmune disease occurs

Question 40

What are the three forms of T-cells?

Answer 40

Helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells and suppressor T cells

Question 41

Function of natural killer cells?

Answer 41

Kill virus infected cells and some tumour cells

Question 42

How are cells of the immune system identified?

Answer 42

Using immunohistochemistry

Question 43

What subdivides the thymus?

Answer 43

Septa

Question 44

What part of the thymus are immature T cells found?

Answer 44

Cortex

Question 45

What do Hassall's corpuscles contain?

Answer 45

Keratin

Question 46

What are the circular aggregations with the lymph node known as and what do they contain?

Answer 46

Follicles and B cells

Question 47

What are the densely pack follicles of the lymph node called?

Answer 47

Primary follicle

Question 48

What surrounds the germinal centre of the lymph follicle?

Answer 48

Mantle zone

Question 49

What is with the mantle zone?

Answer 49

Resting B cells