Special Education Flashcards
Adaptive behavior
An individual’s independent display of behaviors associated with meeting his or her daily personal and social needs
Articulation impairment
The inability to produce speech sounds correctly
Auditory Processing Disorder (APD)
A neurodevelopmental disorder that affects how the brain processes sounds.
Autism
Developmental disorder characterized by abnormal or impaired development in social interaction and communication
Behavior Intervention Plan (BIP)
Plan that implements procedures designed to promote lasting, positive changes in the student’s behavior in the least restrictive environment
Criterion-referenced Test
Measures individual performance compared to an acceptable standard
Deaf/blind
When a student has a hearing loss and visual impairment that causes severe communication, developmental and educational problems
Deaf/Hard of Hearing
Hearing loss or impairment
Decode
Convert into intelligible language
Due Process
Procedural safeguards to ensure the protection of the rights of parent and the student with a disability under IDEA
Eligibility
The state of having the right to do or obtain something
Emotional & Behavioral Disorder
Range of conditions that can affect a person’s ability to learn, socialize and behave appropriately
Expressive Language
Production of language for communicating with other people
Extended School Year (ESY or EYS)
A program that provides special education and related services to students with disabilities beyond the regular school year.
Fine motor coordination
Pertains to usage of small muscle groups
Functional Behavioral Assessment (FBA)
A functional behavioral assessment may be conducted for any student identified as having behavior problem serious enough to impact the learning of the child
Gross motor coordination
Pertains to usage of large muscle groups
Individualized Education Program
A written educational plan for each special education student that includes instructional goals and objectives based on the needs
Intellectual Disability
Student who has significantly below average general intellectual functioning and deficits in adaptive behavior, which manifested during the developmental period
Intelligence Quotient (IQ)
The score obtained on a test of mental ability
Language Impairment
Disorders that involve the processing of linguistic information
Least restrictive environment
The concept that each child with a disability is to be provided opportunities to be educated with nondisabled peers and in a setting which promotes interaction with the general school population
Mainstreaming
Refers to selective placement of students with disabilities in one or more general education classes or activities
Modifications
A change to what a student is taught or expected to do in school
Norm-referenced Test
A type of test that compares a student’s performance to a peer group
Orthopedic Impairment
Severe orthopedic impairment that affects the child’s educational performance
Other Health Impairment
Any health issues or conditions that affect the child’s educational performance
Perceptual motor development
The process of integrating sensory information with motor skills to coordinate body movements
Phonics
Matching the sounds of spoken English with individual letters or groups of letters
Readiness
Preparedness or willingness to do something
Receptive Language
The ability to understand and comprehend spoken and written language
Related services
Services required to assist a child with a disability to benefit from special education
Referral
The process of requesting an evaluation for a student who is suspected of having a disability
Resource room
Separate space within a school where students with disabilities or learning differences receive specialized instruction and support
Response to intervention
Multi-tiered approach that schools use to help students with academic or behavioral challenges
Self-contained classroom
Specialized setting where a single teacher instructs a group of students in multiple subjects
Significant Developmental Delay
A delay in a child’s development in one or more: adaptive behavior, cognition, communication, motor development and emotional development.
Specific Learning Disability
A disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or using language
Speech/Language Impairment
Language or speech disorder that meets one or more of the following: articulation disorder, abnormal voice, fluency disorder, language disorder.
Standard Score
A way to compare student performance to a standardization sample
Stuttering
Speech disorder that involves involuntary repetitions, prolongations or blocks in speech
Supplemental Aids and Services
Aids, services and other supports that are provided in general education classes or other education-related settings to enable students with disabilities to be educated with typically developing peers.
Surrogate Parent
A person appointed by the SELPA who acts as a child’s parent for the purpose of the IEP process
Task analysis
Clinical reasoning tool used by occupational therapists to evaluate a client’s performance in a task
Transition Plan
Plan for transition services designed to promote movement from school to post-school activities
Traumatic Brain Injury
An acquired injury to the brain caused by external physical force resulting in total or partial functional disability or psychosocial impairment that adversely affects a child’s educational performance
Visual impairment and blindness
Students who are blind or have partial sight
Vocational Preparatory program
A course or instructional program that prepares students for a specific trade or occupation
