Sparkling Wines Flashcards

1
Q

The bubbles in sparkling wine are created by…?

A

Dissolved CO2

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2
Q

Sparkling wine’s base wine is typically what kind of wine

A

Dry, high in acidity and low in alcohol

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3
Q

How is second fermentation instigated?

A

Adding yeast and sugar to the dry base wine

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4
Q

In sparkling wine, how is CO2 prevented from escaping in second fermentation?

A

Vessel is sealed

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5
Q

The traditional method of sparkling wine sees second fermentation take place where?

A

Inside the bottle

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6
Q

What is the process by which the lees (yeast) break down?

A

Yeast autolysis

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7
Q

If yeast is not removed from a sparkling wine, what appearance would the sparkling wine have?

A

Hazy appearance

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8
Q

What step of the traditional method of sparkling wine removes the lees from the wine?

A

Riddling

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9
Q

Riddling does what to a bottle of sparkling wine?

A

Moves yeast deposit to the neck of the bottle

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10
Q

What equipment is used today for riddling?

A

Gyropalettte

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11
Q

When is the frozen wine and yeast removed from a sparkling wine in the traditional method?

A

When the crown cap is removed from the top

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12
Q

What is the liquer d’expedition?

A

Topping up the sparkling wine with mixture of wine and sugar after disgorgement

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13
Q

Process of adding wine and sugar to sparkling wine after disgorgement is also known as what?

A

Dosage

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14
Q

Demi-Sec indicates?

A

Medium-sweetness

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15
Q

Champagne is typically a blend of which three varieties?

A

Chardonnay
Pinot Noir
Meunier

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16
Q

Cool climate of Champagne provides ideal conditions for producing what kind of base wine?

A

Low alcohol and high acidity

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17
Q

Legal minimum amount of time of lees contact for Champagne?

A

12 months

18
Q

Least expensive Champagne (minimum lees contact) gives what flavours?

A

Notes of apple and light autolytic flavours

19
Q

Slightly riper grapes in NV Champagne give what flavours?

A

Green fruit and citrus and autolytic notes

20
Q

What are the bottle-aged-flavours imparted in vintage Champagne?

A

Nuts and honey

21
Q

Vast majority of Cava comes from which region?

A

Catalunya

22
Q

Typically, Cava’s production is different to Champagne how?

A

Harvested earlier
Shorter lees contact
Subtler autolytic characters

23
Q

Generally, in any wine-producing country, where is sparkling wine usually produced?

A

In the coolest regions

24
Q

New World traditional method sparkling wines differ from Champagne how?

A

Slightly riper fruit flavours due to the extra sunlight and warmth

25
Q

What term is given to traditional-method sparkling wine in South Africa?

A

Cap classique

26
Q

A wine labelled Cap Classique is what?

A

Traditional-method sparkling wine from South Africa

27
Q

If a winemaker does not want to have autolytic flavours in their sparkling wine, what method might they choose?

A

Tank method

28
Q

What grape varieties make the tank method more desirable for sparkling wine?

A

Aromatic grape varieties

29
Q

The asti method produces what kind of wines?

A

Sweet, low alcohol sparkling wine

30
Q

How des the asti method differ from most sparkling wine methods?

A

It does not begin with a base wine, but a juice instead

31
Q

How are bubbles created in asti method sparkling wine?

A

During tank fermentation, the vessel is sealed so that CO2 is retained and bubbles are created

32
Q

How is sweetness ensured in asti method sparkling wine?

A

Yeast is filtered out before all the sugar has been converted to alcohol

33
Q

Prosecco uses what grape variety?

A

Glera

34
Q

What other grape is used with Glera for prosecco rose?

A

Pinot Noir

35
Q

Asti DOCG sparkling wine uses what grape variety?

A

Moscato

36
Q

Asti DOCG sparkling wine characteristics (dryness)

A

Sweet

37
Q

Asti DOCG sparkling wine characteristics (body)

A

Light-bodied

38
Q

Asti DOCG sparkling wine characteristics (aromas)

A

Floral (blossom)

39
Q

Asti DOCG sparkling wine characteristics (flavours)

A

Grapes, peaches and pears

40
Q

Prosecco DOC body

A

Light to medium body

41
Q

Prosecco DOC flavours

A

Pear, melon and blossom