South Africa Flashcards
When was Cape Town founded and by who?
Jan Van Riebeeck in 1652
When did phylloxera strike South Africa?
latter half of the 19th century
What does the KWV stand for?
Ko-0peratieve Wijnbouwers Vereniging van Zuid-Afrika
When was the Ko-0peratieve Wijnbouwers Vereniging van Zuid-Afrika formed?
1918
What does the Ko-0peratieve Wijnbouwers Vereniging van Zuid-Afrika do?
a cooperative of wine producers and growers, fixed minimum prices, determined areas of production, and established production limits
When did apartheid end?
1994
What did the end of apartheid mean for wine industry?
After that the KWV went private in 1997 and spurred a great renewal in the industry.
What does SAWIT mean and when was it formed?
South African Wine Industry Trust
formed in 1999
Why was SAWIT established?
was established to speed transformation of South African wine and to empower black workers in an industry that had long relied on slave- and apartheid-era labor practices
What is South Africa’s appellation system?
Wine of Origin (WO)
Where does South Africa rank in winemaking volume across the world?
ranks 9th
When was the Wine of origins (WO) system introduced?
1973
How does your wine get approved for the WO system?
compels producers seeking certification to submit a sample of their wines for evaluation by a tasting panel, which confirms that each wine shows the correct organoleptic qualities for its cultivar (variety) and age. The wine also undergoes scientific analysis.
Since 2006, if your wine is from the WO and grape is stated what does the percentage need to be?
85%
Percentage of vintage on a label?
85%
If an area of production appears on the label, (blank)% of grapes must come from the stated area.
100%
There are four types of production areas, what are they?
geographical unit -> region -> district -> ward
What does it mean if a single vineyard is listed on the label?
A single vineyard may be listed on a label if the wine is sourced solely from a vineyard that is appropriately registered and of less than six hectares.
What does it mean when a wine is an estate wine?
Estate wines must be produced from contiguous parcels of vineyard land and vinified and bottled on a single property.
What is on the bottle if a wine comes from a WO?
A WO seal will appear on the bottle if it passes certification.
What does IPW stand for?
Integrated Production of Wine Scheme
What does the Integrated Production of Wine Scheme (IPW) do?
a voluntary means of certification for WO producers wishing to comply with sustainable environmental standards. The IPW sets guidelines for agricultural, manufacturing, and packaging practices, and certification falls under the jurisdiction of the SA Wine and Spirit Board. Wineries are judged on a number of points, including worker safety measures, handling of wastewater, carbon emissions, use of pesticides and other chemicals, and vineyard biodiversity.
When was the IPW formed?
1998
Starting in 2010, what was added to bottle if they passed IPW inspection?
wines that meet a minimum score in IPW evaluation (60% or better) and qualify for WO certification are marked with a joint seal, indicating a “sustainable wine of origin,” rather than the basic WO seal.
What percentage of WO wines hold the IPW certification?
95%
What are the 6 large geographical areas (GI’s) of South Africa wine?
- Western Cape
- Northern Cape
- Eastern Cape
- Kwazulu-Natal
- Limpopo
- Free State
What is the latitude of the Western Cape?
27 - 34 degrees
What is the climate of the Western Cape?
Mediterranean
What is the current that cools the Western Cape?
Benguela Current flows north from Antarctica to cool the coastal areas
What is the wind that blows through the Western Cape?
he Cape Doctor, a notoriously strong southeasterly wind, blows across the Western Cape throughout the spring and summer, inhibiting fungal disease and moderating temperature—but also ferociously battering the vines.
What is the Cape’s southernmost district?
Cape Agulhas
What is Chenin blanc known as?
Steen
What is the most planted white grape in South Africa?
Steen (Chenin Blanc)
What are the important white grapes of South Africa?
Steen (Chenin Blanc) Chardonnay Sauvignon Blanc Muscat of Alexandria (Hanepoot) Colombard Muscadel (Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains) Viognier Semillon
What are the important red grapes of South Africa?
Pinotage Cinsault Cabernet Sauvignon Merlot Cabernet Franc Shiraz Pinot Noir
What is Pinotage?
Pinotage, a crossing of Cinsaut and Pinot Noir
Who developed Pinotage and when?
Professor Abraham Perold in 1924
What are the characteristics of Pinotage?
It results in a distinctively smoky, fruity, pungent, and full-bodied red wine.
What are traditional method sparkling wines called?
Méthode Cap Classique (MCC)
What are the two main grapes of Méthode Cap Classique (MCC)?
Chardonnay
Pinot Noir
How many districts are in the Coastal Region?
9
Name the 9 districts in the Coastal region?
Swartland Tulbagh Darling Wellington Paarl Cape Town Franschhoek Valley Stellenbosch
Lutzville Valley
Stellenbosch is located within which WO Region of South Africa?
Coastal Region
Where is Constantia?
Coastal Region
________ is South Africa’s most planted red grape variety.
Cabernet Sauvignon
Although South Africa’s wine history extends back several hundred years, its modern history did not really begin until the end of Apartheid in the early ________.
1990’s
True or False: Certified Wines of Origin (WO) must contain 85% of the stated cultivar and vintage.
True
Klein Karoo is best known for what style of wines?
Fortified wine
Vin de Constance wines are made with which of the following grapes?
Muscat Blanc à Petit Grains
True or False:Most of South Africa’s wine regions are located within the Northern Cape.
False
What is the most planted grape variety in South Africa?
Chenin Blanc (Steen)
True or False: South Africa’s grape-growing season occurs between April and September.
False
Pinotage is a crossing of Pinot Noir and what other grape?
Cinsault
Methode Cap Classique wines must be made with which of the following sparkling wine techniques?
Traditional Method
In which century were the first vineyards planted in South Africa?
17th century