Piedmont/Tuscany Flashcards
What does Piedmont translate to?
“The foot of the mountain”
What mountains boarder Piedmont?
Apennines and the Alps
Which river cuts through the heart of the region in Peidmont?
Po river
Where does the Po river flow?
flows eastward from its headwaters in the Western Alps
Where are most of Piedmonts vineyards?
South of the Po Valley
in the provinces of Asti, Alessandria, and Cuneo (within these provinces you have Monferrato and Langhe hills)
What are the soil types of Piedmont?
Thinner, calcareous marl and sandstone soils with varying percentages of clay and sand, coupled with the sub-mountainous landscape, create a number of distinct mesoclimates throughout the region
What is Piedmonts climate?
Continental
Which mountain range creates a rain shadow for Piedmont?
The Alps
What can be a viticultural threat to Piedmont?
Autumn hail in the Langhe hills
What is nebbiolo translate/named after?
The morning fog
What are the main red grapes of Piedmont?
Nebbiolo
Dolcetto
Barbera
What are the other red grapes of Piedmont
Brachetto Grignolino Ruchè Croatina Vespolina Freisa
What does Dolcetto translate to?
“little sweet one”
Which red grape is the earliest to ripen and the latest to ripen in Piedmont?
Dolcetto - earliest
Nebbiolo - latest
What grape is moscato bianco in the rest of the world?
Muscat a Petits Grains
What is the most planted white grape in Piedmont?
Moscato Bianco (Muscat a Petits Grains)
What are the main white grapes of Piedmont?
Moscato Bianco Cortese Arneis Erbaluce Favorita (Vermentino)
What international grapes are grown in Peidmont?
Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, Merlot, Syrah, Sauvignon Blanc
True or False: Piedmont is home to more DOC zones than any other region in Italy
True
What are the most prestigious DOCG’s in Piedmont?
Barolo
Barbaresco
Where are Barolo and Barbaresco located?
located along the Tanaro River
in the Cuneo Province
an area encapsulated by the larger Langhe DOC
What are the characteristics of Barolo and Barbaresco?
Barolo wines are typically more powerful and long-lived
whereas Barbaresco is slightly softer and regarded as Barolo’s more feminine counterpart, although many individual examples contradict this generalization.
The aromas of tar, truffle, rose petals, and dried fruits are classically attributed to both wines, and their color is characteristically moderate in concentration and orange-tinged even in youth.
How many communes are in Barolo?
11 communes
Which 5 communes represent almost 90% of the DOCG boundaries of Barolo?
La Morra
Barolo
Castiglione Falletto
Monforte d’Alba
Serralunga d’Alba
What are the soil types in La Morra?
Tortonian soils, which contain a higher proportion of calcareous marl
What are the soil types of Monforte d’Alba, Serralunga d’Alba, and Castiglione Falletto?
Serravallian (Helvetian) sandstone soils are more common
Who are the traditionalists vs the modernists in Barolo?
older winemaking techniques
Giacomo Conterno
Bartolo Mascarello
Giuseppe Rinaldi
and the “modernists” who embraced barriques, shorter macerations, and a rounder style of wine
Paolo Scavino
Luciano Sandrone
Elio Altare.
What are the current aging requirements for Barolo?
Aging Requirements:
Barolo: 38 months from November 1 of the harvest year, including 18 months in wood.
What are the current aging requirements for Barolo riserva?
Barolo Riserva: 62 months from November 1 of the harvest year, including 18 months in wood.
When was Barolo established as a DOCG?
1980
1966 (DOC)
What is the minimum alcohol of Barolo?
13%
What is the difference between the new Barolo aging requirements vs the old?
less wood aging is required now than before
2 yrs old requirement
18 months new requirement
What year did the aging requirements in Barolo change?
2010
What are the three towns of Barbaresco?
Neive
Barbaresco
Treiso
What are the aging requirements for Barbaresco?
The wines must be aged for a minimum of 26 months from November 1st of the harvest year (including at least 9 months in cask) prior to release.
Name some high quality producers that make Barbaresco.
Angelo Gaja - Mondernist
Bruno Giacosa - Traditionalist
Produttori del Barbaresco - Co-Op
What are single vineyards called in Piedmont?
crus
What is the best cru in Barolo?
Cannubi
What is the best cru in Barbaresco?
Rabajà
What is Barolo Chinato?
DOCG aromatized wine that is flavored with quinine.
Cappellano is the standard bearer.
Name the 11 communes of Barolo.
Entirely included in DOCG:
Barolo
Castiglione Falletto
Serralunga d’Alba
Partially included in DOCG: Monforte d'Alba La Morra Diano d'Alba Novello Verduno Grinzane Cavour Cherasco Roddi
What Province are Barolo and Barbaresco in?
Cuneo
What is the minimum alcohol percentage for Barbaresco?
12.5%
When did Roero go from DOC to DOCG?
2004
Where is Roero DOCG located?
lies on the northwestern bank of the Tanaro River, opposite Barolo and Barbaresco
Where are Gattinara DOCG and Ghemme DOCG?
North of the PO River.
They straddle the Sesia River
What grapes are often blended with nebbiolo in Gattinara and Ghemme?
Vespolina
Bonarda
What is the synonym for Nebbiolo in northern Piedmont?
Spanna
Besides Gattinara and Ghemme which other northern zones produce nebbiolo?
West to East
Carema DOC
Lessona DOC
Sizzano DOC
When did Barbara start to be grown on a DOCG level and what are the zones?
2008
Barbera d’Asti
Barbera del Monferrato Superiore
What are the aging requirements of Barbera d’Asti?
Barbera d’Asti may be released as normale after a short four-month aging period
What are the aging requirements in Barbera del Monferrato?
must be superiore and spends 14 months aging prior to release, including six months in cask
The Monferrato hills received a third DOCG in late 2010: what is it?
Ruchè di Castagnole Monferrato
the local Ruche grape
Is Nizza a DOC or DOCG and what year was it approved?
DOCG 2014
The region’s fourth DOCG, Nizza, was approved for 100% (Blank) varietal wines
Barbera
Nizza used to be a subzone to which DOCG?
Barbera d’Asti DOCG
Three DOCG wines are produced from 100% Dolcetto: what are they?
Dogliani
Dolcetto di Ovada Superiore (Ovada)
Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba (Diano d’Alba)
(Blank) was the first still white wine in Piedmont to be promoted to the DOCG level
Gavi (Cortese di Gavi)
What is the white grape produced in Gavi?
Cortese
What is Gavi white wine like?
Gavi’s dry, mineral-tinged whites are produced from the Cortese grape. Although the wines are generally still (tranquillo), spumante or frizzante versions are sometimes encountered.
Where is Erbaluce di Calusos located?
an appellation just south of Carema
What is the grape in Erbaluce di Caluso?
The white wines, produced from the high-acid, herbal-scented Erbaluce grape, may be still, spumante, or passito in style, with the latter type generally provoking the most praise.
When did Erbaluce di Caluso transition from DOC to DOCG?
2010
Which DOCG is the largest producer of wine in Italy?
Asti