Sound Change Rules Flashcards
Pronouncing the Bottom: When a syllable ends with the consonant ㅅ, ㅆ, ㅈ, ㅊ, ㅌ, ㅎ …
These consonants become pronounced as the consonant ㄷ.
Pronouncing ㄲ, ㅋ, ㅍ: When a syllable ends with any of these consonants…
These consonants will be pronounced as their regular versions: ㄲ –> ㄱ, ㅋ –> ㄱ, ㅍ –> ㅂ respectively.
Between 2 Syllables: When the 1st syllable ends with any consonant sound (besides ㅁ, ㄴ, ㄹ), and the 2nd syllable begins in any of the following consonants: ㄱ, ㄷ, ㅂ, ㅅ, ㅈ …
The 2nd syllable’s consonant become pronounced as a double consonant: ㄱ –> ㄲ, ㄷ –> ㄸ, ㅂ –> ㅃ, ㅅ –> ㅆ, ㅈ –> ㅉ respectively.
Pronouncing ㅎ: When ㅎ comes between 2 syllables and before ㅇ…
The ㅎ sound disappears.
Pronouncing ㅎ: If a regular consonant comes before or after ㅎ…
It becomes pronounced as a strong constant.
Pronouncing ㄹ: When the 1st syllable ends with ㄹ, and the 2nd syllable ends in any of the following consonants: ㄱ, ㄷ, ㅂ, ㅅ, ㅈ …
The 2nd syllable’s consonant usually becomes pronounced as a double consonant: ㄱ –> ㄲ, ㄷ –> ㄸ, ㅂ –> ㅃ, ㅅ –> ㅆ, ㅈ –> ㅉ respectively. (But not all the time)
Pronouncing ㅂ: When the 1st syllable ends with ㅂ, and the 2nd syllable begins with the consonant ㄴ or ㅁ …
The ㅂ becomes pronounced as ㅁ.
Pronouncing ㄱ: When the 1st syllable ends with ㄱ, and the 2nd syllable begins with the consonant ㄴ or ㅁ …
The ㄱ becomes pronounced as ㅇ.
The Consonant ㄴ: When the 1st syllable ends in any of the following consonants: ㄷ, ㅅ, ㅈ, ㅎ, and the 2nd syllable begins with the consonant ㄴ (or sometimes ㅁ) …
The 1st consonant becomes pronounced as ㄴ.
More ㄹ changes: When the 1st syllable ends with the ㅂ sound, and the 2nd syllable begins with the consonant ㄹ …
The ㅂ becomes pronounced as ㅁ, and the ㄹ becomes pronounced as ㄴ.
More ㄹ changes: When the 1st syllable ends with the ㄱ sound, and the 2nd syllable begins with the consonant ㄹ …
The ㄱ becomes pronounced as ㅇ, and the ㄹ becomes pronounced as ㄴ.
More ㄹ changes: When the 1st syllable ends with the consonant ㅇ or ㅁ, and the 2nd syllable begins with the consonant ㄹ …
The ㄹ becomes pronounced as ㄴ.
Note: there is an exception. 장르 “genre”
More ㄹ changes: When the consonant ㄴ comes before or after the consonant ㄹ …
The ㄴ becomes pronounced as ㄹ.
Using ㄷ and ㅌ: When the 1st syllable ends with the consonant ㄷ or ㅌ, and the 2nd syllable contains the vowel sound ㅣ…
The ㄷ becomes pronounced as ㅈ, and the ㅌ becomes pronounced as ㅊ.
