Sosnowski Skin Wounds

Question 1

flat lesion w/ well-circumscribed change in skin color less than 1 cm

Answer 1

macule (freckle)

Question 2

macule greater than 1 cm (birthmark)

Answer 2

patch

Question 3

elevated solid skin lesion less than 1 cm (mole, acne)

Answer 3

papule

Question 4

papule greater than 1 cm (psoriasis)

Answer 4

plaque

Question 5

small fluid containing blister less than 1 cm (chickenpox)

Answer 5

vesicle

Question 6

large fluid containing blister greater than 1 cm (bullous pemphigoid)

Answer 6

bulla

Question 7

vesicle containing pus

Answer 7

pustule

Question 8

transient smooth papule or plaque (hives)

Answer 8

wheal

Question 9

flaking off of stratum corneum (eczema, psoriasis)

Answer 9

scale

Question 10

dry exudate (impetigo)

Answer 10

crust

Question 11

increase in thickness of stratum corneum

Answer 11

hyperkeratosis

Question 12

retention of nuclei in stratum corneum

Answer 12

parakeratosis

Question 13

increase in thickness of stratum granulosum

Answer 13

hypergranulosis

Question 14

epidermal accumulation of edematous fluid in intercellular spaces

Answer 14

spongiosis

Question 15

separation of epidermal cells

Answer 15

acantholysis

Question 16

epidermal hyperplasia (increase in spinosum)

Answer 16

acanthosis

Question 17

natural cleavage lines of skin that heal better

Answer 17

Langer’s lines

Question 18

controls body temperature

Answer 18

hypothalamus and skin

Question 19

main neurotransmitter that controls temperature

Answer 19

Ach

Question 20

4 steps in wound healing:

Answer 20

hemostasis
inflammation
proliferation
remodeling

Question 21

raised scar that spreads beyond site of initial injury

Answer 21

Keloid

Question 22

fastest type of closure of a wound; surgical incisions and paper cuts; normal steps

Answer 22

primary closure

Question 23

wound edges cannot be closed so body will heal from bottom up

Answer 23

secondary closure

Question 24

deals with traumatic injuries or infected wounds; often a graft needs to be used

Answer 24

delayed primary closure

Question 25

sunburn; loss of epidermis only (painful); keratinocytes damaged

Answer 25

superficial burn

Question 26

damages both epidermis and dermis (painful)

Answer 26

partial thickness burn

Question 27

deals with layers all the way down to bone and damages nerves (not painful)

Answer 27

full thickness burn

Question 28

burn triage uses

Answer 28

rule of nines

Question 29

bruise; does not blanch w/ pressure

Answer 29

contusion

Question 29

small blood vessel hemorrhage into tissues; does not blanch with pressure

Answer 29

purpura

Question 30

partial thickness skin injury only involving epidermis

Answer 30

abrasion

Question 31

full thickness skin injury

Answer 31

avulsion

Question 32

blunt force trauma involving tearing of skin and maybe deeper tissues

Answer 32

laceration

Question 33

hemoglobin reabsorption steps

Answer 33

RBC’s break out of blood vessels b/c of trauma
hemoglobin has to be recycled
macrophages pick it up (heme component)
break it down to biliverdin (more stable) (green)
broken down again into bilirubin (yellow) then processed in liver

Question 34

hemoglobin reabsorption happens also in what

Answer 34

contusions/bruises

Question 35

bruise that looks red/purple

Answer 35

days old

Question 36

bruise that looks green to yellow

Answer 36

week old

Question 37

bruise that looks bronze

Answer 37

weeks old

Question 38

macrophages that have internalized hemoglobin (hemosiderin)

Answer 38

siderophages

Question 39

skin aging:

Answer 39

epidermis decreased
discoloration
thinner skin
less collagen

Question 40

best thing to use in anti-aging products

Answer 40

vitamin A (retinoid)

Question 41

botulinum toxin blocks Ach release and is used for what

Answer 41

botox