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MSK Biweekly Exam 1 > Sosnowski Myopathies and Muscle Disorders > Flashcards

Sosnowski Myopathies and Muscle Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

this stain brings out slow and fast twitch muscle (dark and light stains) checkerboard pattern

A

NADH

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2
Q

inflammation of what tissue is pathologic (disease)

A

endomysium

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3
Q

surrounds single axon

A

endoneurium

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4
Q

inflammation of what tissue (nervous) is pathologic (disease)

A

endoneurium

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5
Q

surrounds groups of axons and blood vessels

A

perineurium

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6
Q

surrounds entire nerve

A

epineurium

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7
Q

myocytes without neuronal input become small until innervated by another type of neuron indicative of what

A

nerve damage

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8
Q

problem with muscle itself

A

myopathy

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9
Q

axonal degeneration that leads to angular atrophic (pointed) muscle fibers

A

neurogenic myopathy

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10
Q

happens when nerve damage continues

A

fiber type grouping atrophy

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11
Q

a lot of CT b/t muscle fibers and makes them small and round

A

myopathic

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12
Q

a demyelinating disorder thats deals with a problem with Schwann cells

A

chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy

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13
Q

vision loss, muscle weakness, stiffness, spasms; demyelination and remyelination of peripheral nerves “onion bulb formation”

A

chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP)

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14
Q

most common damaged nerves in legs and feet; pain and numbness, weakness and loss of reflexes

A

diabetic neuropathy

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15
Q

histopathology shows amyloid deposition in endoneurium

A

diabetic neuropathy

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16
Q

any protein in an organ that malfunctions

A

amyloid

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17
Q
A

inflammatory neuropathy

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18
Q

inflammatory disorder of skin (rash) followed by myositis; perifascicular atrophy (rash around eyes followed by muscle weakness)

A

dermatomyositis

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19
Q

this has high association with a new cancer in adults; paraneoplastic syndrome

A

dermatomyositis

20
Q

caused by lymphocytes eating up muscles and inflammation in CT around each muscle fiber

A

polymyositis (chronic myositis)

21
Q

progressive muscle weakness and wasting; begin in childhood

A

muscular dystrophies

22
Q

muscle fibers slowly replaced by fibrosis and adipose tissue

A

muscular dystrophies

23
Q

caused by mutation in dystrophin gene (which forms an interface b/t sarcomere and extracellular CT matrix)

A

X-linked Duchenne and Becker muscle dystrophy

24
Q

a finding of this is pseudohypertrophy of calf muscles due to fat infiltration of muscle

A

duchenne and becker muscular dystrophy

25
Q

deals with breathing problems and infections and gowers sign

A

duchenne muscular dystrophy

26
Q

people with this muscular dystrophy live longer and will develop heart problems later

A

becker muscular dystrophy

27
Q

this would have 50% normal fibers stained compared to just one normal stained

A

beckers

28
Q

weakness and hypotonia at or shortly after birth; due to rod shaped intracytoplasmic inclusions

A

nemaline myopathy

29
Q

maternal inheritance, ragged red fibers, epilepsy

A

MERRF

30
Q

diseases in which motor neurons undergo degeneration and die; starts at brain and ends at muscles

A

motor neuron disease

31
Q

deals with damage to both upper and lower motor neurons

A

ALS

32
Q

die from respiratory failure; sx’s are overlooked including cramps, weakness, muscle stiffness and slurred speech

A

ALS

33
Q

UMN damage dealing with difficulty swallowing

A

dysphagia

34
Q

UMN damage dealing with difficulty speaking

A

dysarthria

35
Q

muscle spasticity and hyperreflexia are what motor neuron damage

A

UMN

36
Q

weakness and atrophy, cramping and fasciculations are what motor neuron damage

A

LMN

37
Q

see pale spots in brain CT

A

ALS

38
Q

affects lower motor neurons only and muscle weakness; trapped in body that won’t move; mutation in SMN gene

A

spinal muscular atrophy

39
Q

weakness and rapid fatigue of skeletal muscles; Ach receptor is attacked by autoantibodies and Ach can’t bind

A

Myasthenia Gravis

40
Q

smooth muscle tumor, benign

A

leiomyoma

41
Q

smooth muscle tumor, malignant

A

leiomyosarcoma

42
Q

skeletal muscle tumor, benign

A

rhabdomyoma

43
Q

skeletal muscle tumor, malignant

A

rhabdomyosarcoma

44
Q

uterine leiomyoma

A
45
Q

firm and stains + for desmin

A
46
Q

rhabdomyosarcoma

A
47
Q

liposarcoma

A

MSK Biweekly Exam 1 (11 decks)

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