Sore throat Flashcards

1
Q

If a pt presents with swollen anterior cervical glands, high grade fever and absence of a cough, what could this suggest? Should this pt be referred?

A

bacterial infection - streptococcal sore throat

Only if the pt experiences 3 or all four symptoms

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2
Q

What symptoms do pts get when they have glandular fever?

A

pharyngitis, fever, cervical lymphadenopathy, general malaise

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3
Q

What questions would you ask someone who has a sore throat and why?

A
  1. Age of pt - streptococcus is uncommon under 3 years, glandular fever is common in adolescents
  2. Tender cervical glands - glandular fever and streptococcal sore throat have markedly swollen glands
  3. Tonsillar exudate present - more bacterial than viral
  4. Ulceration - herpes simplex ulcers
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4
Q

Which drugs can cause a sore throat and may be associated with agranulocytosis?

A

Captopril, carbimazole, cytotoxics, neuroleptics, penicillamine, sulfasalazine, sulphur-containing antibiotics

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5
Q

When would you refer a pt with a sore throat?

A
  1. Sore throat lasting more than 10 days or 2 weeks
  2. extreme pain especially in the absence of a cold cough and catarral symptoms and symptoms lasting over 1-2 days
  3. difficulty in swallowing
  4. certain drugs like the ones that can cause agranulocytosis
  5. white plaques in the throat gums or tongue
  6. Red and swollen tonsils and/or swollen lymph glands
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6
Q

What are tx options for pts with a sore throat? Name exmaples.

A
  1. local anaesthetics - lidocaine, benzocaine sprays or lozenges
    2.
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7
Q

What ages can lidocaine and benzocaine be given? How often would you use it? Is it safe to use in pregnancy and BF?

A
  1. > 12 years - three sprays every 3 hours when needed up to a max of 6 times a day
  2. lozenge >3 years (tyrozets - child:1 lozenge every 3 hours max of 6, adults: max of 8 in 24 hours), spray >6 years - ultrachloraseptic spray - one spray every 2-3 hours

YES

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8
Q

Name an anti-inflammatory sore throat medicine and what ages can it be used?

A

benzydamine
rinse >12 years - rinse every 1.5 -3 hours when required
spray >6years - same ^ 6-12 years use 4 puffs, adults: 4-8 puffs

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9
Q

Name lozenge anti-inflammatory.

A

flurbiprofen (strefen) - suck one every 3-6 hours with a maximum of 5 lozenges in 24 hours

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10
Q

What are the age restrictions and who should you avoid using flurbiprofen lozenge?

A

> 12 years

avoid in pts with peptic ulcers and in pregnancy

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