soil

Question 1

what is soil

Answer 1

a mixture of weathered rock, water, air, bacteria, and humus

Question 2

what is humus

Answer 2

the organic component of soil composed of decayed plant and animal material

Question 3

the rock from which soil forms from is called

Answer 3

the parent rock

Question 4

transported soil is soil that

Answer 4

was formed by material transported by the erosion

Question 5

good humus has equal amounts of

Answer 5

humus and weathered rock material

Question 6

horizons are

Answer 6

the recognizable layers formed in soil through weathering and rock growth

Question 7

mature soil is that which has

Answer 7

developed long enough to have distinct horizons

Question 8

immature soil has

Answer 8

indistinct or lacking horizons

Question 9

a soil profile is

Answer 9

a cross-section of the soil from the surface to the bedrock

Question 10

what horizons compose a soil’s profile

Answer 10

A, B, C,

Question 11

the A horizon is the ___ layer of soil

Answer 11

top, its called top soil

Question 12

the A horizon has more ____ than other layers but fewer _____

Answer 12

humus, rocks

Question 13

the B horizon contains ____ from the A horizon through ______

Answer 13

minerals, leeching

Question 14

leeching is

Answer 14

the removing of minerals that have been dissolved in one area to another

Question 15

B horizon is _____ than the A horizon

Answer 15

lighter and and contains less humus

Question 16

the C horizon is the bottom horizon

Answer 16

true

Question 17

the C horizon consists of

Answer 17

partially weathered rock(coarse sediments), and the least amount of plant material/humus

Question 18

the type of soil reflects its

Answer 18

environments

Question 19

cold climate have

Answer 19

poor developed environment/soil because of frozenness surfaces preventing weathering to occur and lack of protective PLANTS, allowing wind to blow away soil

Question 20

humid or tropical climates develop

Answer 20

thick soil due to high temperature and abundant rainfall and poor soil to grow crops to grow soil in due to accelerated leeching

Question 21

erosion is

Answer 21

any process that moves sediments from one place to another

Question 22

temperate climates have

Answer 22

rich and thick soil good

Question 23

soil erodes because of

Answer 23

water and wind most likely on steep slopes

Question 24

humans promote the erosion of soil through

Answer 24

agricultural cultivation, forest harvesting, and overgrazing

Question 25

agricultural cultivation has

Answer 25

the continual planting of crops draining more nutrients than are added in soil

Question 26

the nutrient balance

Answer 26

is the difference between the nutrients that are taken away an those that are added in soil

Question 27

forest harvesting removes

Answer 27

trees exposing soil to more erosion

Question 28

overgrazing is when

Answer 28

animals like sheep and cows remove vegetation exposing soil to increased erosion

Question 29

the earth is ___ land

Answer 29

33%

Question 30

how much land can be farmed

Answer 30

13%

Question 31

how conserve soil

Answer 31

notill farming, crop rotating, contour farming, terracing, reducing the exposure of exposed soil

Question 32

notill farming has

Answer 32

stubble of previous crops over the winter in order to protect soil and allow new crops to be planted in between and be protected from the exposure to wind

Question 33

crop rotating had

Answer 33

refertilizing crops planted after the main harvest

Question 34

refertilizing plants include

Answer 34

legumes

Question 35

trees are planted near farms to

Answer 35

shelter and keep soil in place

Question 36

cover crops are planted after the main harvest to

Answer 36

reduce erosion to soil

Question 37

contour farming is

Answer 37

the planting of crops along the natural contours of land

Question 38

Terracing has

Answer 38

steep-sided level topped areas built into steep areas in mountains, reducing the amount of run-down/water flowing off

Question 39

water is sprayed over soil to prevent

Answer 39

erosion

Question 40

land reclamation occurs

Answer 40

on strip mining site where vegetation is planted on flattened slopes