SOG S Flashcards
Air Rescue usage must comply with the following:
Ground transport to a trauma center expected to exceed 20 minutes for a trauma alert or 30 minutes for a high index
Ground transport is not available and is not expected to become available within 20 minutes
Extrication time of a trauma alert victim is anticipated to exceed 20 minutes
The helicopter is needed to gain access to the patient or transport the patient from an inaccessible area
Air rescue for inter facility usage :
Transfers must be of a time critical nature as determined by the treating physician and estimated ground transport time from the sending facility to receiving facility must exceed 30 minutes
Ground transport is not available and is not expected to become available within a reasonable time.
Air Rescue
When patient preparation is complete, a minimum of ___ people including the flight medic will be used to carry the patient to the helicopter. The flight medic will be at the __________ of the patient
4
Left foot
Air Rescue
Under direction of the flight medic, the patient will be loaded slowly into the helicopter, _______ first, at approximately ____ degree angle
Feet
45
DMAT
DMAT is a group of professional and para- professional medical personnel designed to provide……..
medical care during a disaster or other event
DMAT’s can sustain themselves at a disaster sites for a period of _______
72 hrs
DMAT personnel are activated for a period of time of …..
2 wks
Upon receiving a DMAT alert/ activation notification , members will consist S.O.C. with the following ……..
Members name and response status to a deployment of DMAT
Anticipated departure and arrival time at the designated muster location
Status such as responding with intent to deploy or responding to assist with deployment
Copies of activation orders
Haz Mat exposures are classified as
High risk and Low Risk
Haz Mat
High Risk exposure classified as …..
Patient meets any “credible threat” criteria
Patient inhales, swallows, ingests or has significant contact w/ suspicious substance
Haz Mat
Low Risk exposure classified as ….
Patient has very limited exposure to suspicious substance ( hand or small area of clothing)
Patient does not meet any of the other “credible threat” criteria and is asymptomatic
Local Fire Rescue / EMS response & First Responder Guidelines for WMD incidents
- Establish Incident Command Structure consistent with established protocol.
- Address immediate life safety / security concerns, including decontamination of exposed persons
- Secure scene, await Hazardous Materials Team Response
State Emergency Response Commission (SERC) Uniform Classification System for Categorizing Hazardous Materials Incidents
Minor (Category 1)
Moderate (Category 2)
Major ( Category 3)
Hazmat Tiered Level Response
SERC Category Response
1 minor – 1 municipal & 1 County Hazmat Team
2 Moderate - 1 municipal & 1 County Hazmat
3 Major – 2 municipal & 1 County Hazmat Team
TRT Response Protocol
The Following incidents require an automatic TRT Response …….
9 different responses
MVA involving 3 or more vehicles
Extrications of two or more pts. or any extrication anticipated to take longer than 20 minutes
Airport Alert 3
Railroad incident
Elevated Accidents
Trench Emergencies
Confined Space emergencies
Structural Collapse
Request from another agency or TRT team
Regarding Structural collapse , the following are structural failure causes….
Natural Occurrences
Fire or explosion
Human Factors
Engineering Factors
Regarding a structural collapse incident, personnel will perform a safety analysis every _____ mins
30
Search Assessment Markings
Personnel performing the search function will draw an ____ that is 2’x2’ with orange spray paint.
X
The X will be operated in two operations as follows ……..
A single slash, drawn upon entry into a structure or area will indicate search operations are currently in progress
A crossing slash will be drawn when search & rescue staff complete the search and exit the structure or area.
Distinct markings will be made inside the four quadrants of the “X” to clearly denote the search status and findings at the time of the assessment as follows.
Left Quadrant
Top Quadrant
Right Quadrant
Bottoms Quadrant
Identifier of the rescue team competing the search
Time and date rescue team members left the structure
Hazards ( rats, etc)
Number of live and/ or deceased victims removed from inside the structure
( “0” = no victims, “L” = Live, “D” = Dead)
When buried victims are discovered alive in a collapse after several hours of work, the team will not remove them unless ……..
secondary collapse, fire, electrocution, or drowning is imminent. ( crush syndrome)
Weights of various floor / materials
- Concrete / masonry
- Normal concrete floor
- Wood Floor
125 - 150 lbs per cubic foot
100 - 150 lbs per square foot
10 - 20 lbs per square foot
The maximum length of a shore should be no more than _____ times its width
50
Cribbing
You can build your crib box ____ times as high as the box is wide
3
Cribbing capacities
4x4 ( two per player)
4x4 (three per layer)
6x6 ( two per player)
6x6 (three per layer)
24,000 lbs
48,000 lbs
60,000 lbs
135,000 lbs
*All values have a 2:1 safety factor
Trench Rescue
Definition
Trench……
A trench is a narrow vertical excavation ( in relation to its length) made below the surface of the earth. In general , a trench is deeper than its width
Trench Rescue
Individual Team will be limited to _____ minutes in any excavation and/ or trench
30 mins
Trench Rescue
While working in a trench the evacuation ladder should be no more than _____ ft from workers
25
Rope Rescue
If the terrain is greater than ____ degrees inclination, Command may decide to wait until TRT arrives
40 degrees
Rope Rescue
The stokes basket evolution should be conducted with a minimum of ___ attendants
4
Rope Rescue
Evacuations greater than _____ degrees will be considered high angle operations
60
Control zones shall be established in accordance with the ERG for the material involved or as a minimum _____ ft in all directions
150
HazMat
OSHA Mandates that all Hazmat technicians receive ____ hrs of training annually at the technician level.
24
The command post should always be located in the _____ zone
cold
Emergency Evacuation Signal ( HazMat)
The emergency evacuation signal shall be ordered :
In any cases of injury to entry personnel while operating in the hot zone
in any situations where an unexpected threat to the safety or health of operating personnel is deemed to exist
Upon hearing the emergency evacuation signal, the following should occur:
Entry teams shall immediately exit the hot zone and proceed to decon
HazMat medical treatment personnel shall report to the clean end of the decon corridor
PAR is conducted
Radio silence shall be observed and frequencies cleared to allow Command and emergency communication
The radio silence shall remain in effect until lifted by IC. The decision to lift the radio silence shall be based upon recommendations of the HazMAt safety officer
HazMat
Only those personnel who have been trained to the level of ___________ shall be permitted to operate in a capacity which would subject that person to a potential exposure to a hazardous material, and then such operations shall be _________ in nature while avoiding direct contact with the product
First Responder Operational
Defensive
Persons trained to the Operational Level may engage in some limited offensive activities provided the following conditions are met:
HAZMAT
Properly trained to perform task
properly protected & equipped
Aware of associated risks
The minimum acceptable personal protection for initial actions at a haz-mat incident is that which is recommended by the
ERG
There shall be a minimum of ___ hazmat team personnel on scene prior to any mitigating actions by the team.
There shall be a minimum of ____ hazmat team members on scene prior to initiating any Level A suit operations.
5
7
Hazmat Hand signals
Danger –
Out of air –
Something is –
You lead, Ill follow –
Arm straight out in front w/ closed fist
choking signal
palm of hand face down
both index fingers pointing w/ one hand behind the other
Hazmat Incident command chart
1.
2.
3.
- Operations Section Chief / IC
- Hazmat branch director
- Hazmat safety officer
There are five area within the Hazmat brach:
Name them
- information
- Recon / Entry
- Resources
- Hazmat Medical
- Decon
Hazmat
Other sectors deserving consideration for implementation by the IC include;
Safety Branch
Medical / Rehab group
Devon group
Staging group
Hot Zone
- Shall be the immediate area surrounding Haz Mat incident and shall extend as far as __________ in order to produce an atmosphere ___________
Necessary
Free of adverse affects
Hot Zone
The decontamination area shall be established between the outer perimeter of the ________ and the outer perimeter of the ______
Hot zone
Warm zone
The “Safety Team” ( minimum of ____ personnel) will be provided as a rescue / back up team for personnel working in the hotzone
2
Warm Zone
Shall be the area surrounding the ______
Hot zone
Warm zone
Is the area which _______ of personnel and equipment takes place and where all hot zone support occurs
decon
The warm zone should be large enough to accommodate the decon setup
Cold zone
The cold zone surrounds the warm zone and contains the ____, ______________, etc
Command post
Medical Rehab group
Cold Zone
_________ or ________ should be used to mark the zones, they are more effective than signs , traffic cones or rope
“Banner Guard”
barricade tape
Haz Mat
Prior to entry in the hot zone, all entry and backup personnel shall identify:
Primary & Secondary routes of escape from the hot zone
Last Captains test!
Haz Mat
The “Safe Haven” is located in the ______
Warm zone
Sources of Information Regarding Haz Mat Identification;
Placards
Shape, size or type of container
Markings on vehicle or container
Labels
Defines DOT class of hazardous material and possibly specific material, can b seen from greatest distance
Gives a general idea of the type of material involved
Sometimes visible from a distance
Sources of Information Regarding Haz Mat Identification;
Package markings
Documentation
MSDS
Operating Personnel
Name of contents, same as appears on shipping papers and documents. Can provide identification of position of package (arrow up) , name and address of the shipper or cosignee
Any paper that contains the proper information will satisfy DOT requirements ( quantity, shipping name, class, and UN/NA hazard identification number). Includes shipping papers, waybills, consists, etc…
Available from the facility supervisor
Driver, train engineer, facility manager etc…
Hazmat
For unknown spills or leaks -
Name the 7 steps
- Assume its dangerous
- Have appropriate PPE on
- Check oxygen level as indicated
- Check for flammable atmosphere
- Test for PH if spill to determine whether an acid or base
- Check for toxic atmosphere
- Check for radioactivity, if applicable
Regarding research done on potential has mat sources.
At least ___ sources shall be researched for each chemical involved.
2
Hazmat
Containment refers to keeping the hazardous material to the ____________. Containment should begin _________, usually before a leak is stopped.
Smallest area practical
as soon as possible
Hazmat
The goal of neutralization is to _________ a chemical into a less harmful form so that the substance can be disposed of safely.
change a chemical
Hazmat
Definition
Decontamination
The process of making people, equipment, and supplies safe by eliminating dangerous or harmful substances
The decontamination officer shall have a minimum training at the
Hazmat Technician Level
The Decon officer along with the ___________ establishes the decontamination area
Hazmat team officer
Hazmat Decon
An entry point will be marked with Decon _______ or ________
Cones or signs
Hazmat Decon
Build ____ large containment pool(s), place __ wash tubs ( at least 24” diameter) for boot wash and rinse
2
2
Containment pool minimum size 4’x 4’
Place shower at first pool
and second pool will be used for final rinse
Hazmat Decon
A tarp will be placed to the ____ side of the entry point to place tools
left
The Decon area will be divided in half , down the _______ to designate __________ side and _________
middle
Right (clean side)
Left ( dirty side)
Hazmat decon
Was contaminated personnel at least ____-
twice
Hazmat decon
The medical /rehab sector shall be located just outside the ______, in the ______
warm zone
cold zone
Hazmat decon
Alongside the medical/ rehab sector shall be a ________________
Medical transport staging area
Hazmat decon
The ideal vehicle for transport are _________, ___________ or an _________
school buses
County buses
EMS unit
Hazmat decon
A request for a mass transit bus must be made through the _______________
Broward County emergency preparedness division
Hazmat decon
There are 4 general methods of decontamination
- Dilution
- Absorption
- Degredation
- Isolation and Disposal
- Method of reducing concentration of containment to a level which is no longer harmful.
- Process of picking up the hazardous substance with an absorbant material. Clay, Kitty litter may be used for this
- Method in which the chemical structure of the hazardous material is altered by mixing with other reactive chemicals
- Methods used for any equipment that cannot be successfully decontaminated by other methods. The equipment is placed in a designated area or in plastic bags and later removed to specially approved landfills for disposal.
Hazmat Protective Ensambles
Level A -
Level B
Level C
Vapor protective
Encapsulating & non encapsulating - protects against solid or liquid contact and gives the user “high respiratory protection”
Protects against solid or liquid contact and known respiratory hazards
Garments may be reused during the same incident provided:
Published breakthrough times are observed
Decon has occurred and no visible signs of garment degradation or damage are present
The only time that no respiratory protection is necessary is when the containment level is below
exposure guidelines
The 4 job aids that assist us with selection and use of appropriate level of protection:
Protective ensemble selection worksheet
Respiratory protection decision diagram
Level A donning checklists
Level B and Level C donning checklists
Hazmat Field Analysis
Assess material for corrosive vapors by using a _____ with ______
pH strip moistened with distilled water
Hazmat
If the material is a gas, liquid or potentially sublimating solid, then a total vapor analysis shall be performed using a _______ detector or a combination photo - ionization detector / flame ionization detector (PID/FID). This will identify organic or inorganic nature of the material as well as provide a quantitative analysis of concentration.
PID - Photo ionization device
Hazmat Sampling
Amount to obtain for sample
Liquid
Gas
Liquid 10 ml
Gas 20 liter
