Soft Connective Tissue

Question 1

What are the subdivisions of connective tissue

Answer 1

Soft connective tissue: tendons, ligaments, mesentary, stroma of organs, dermis of skin

Hard connective tissue: bone and cartilage

Blood and lymph: many authors consider blood and lymph specialised ct

Question 2

What does ct consist of

Answer 2

Cells

Extracellular matrix

Question 3

What are the resident cells for ct

Answer 3

Fibroblasts
Adipose cells
Osteocytes - cells of bone
Chondrocytes - cells of cartilage

Question 4

What are fibroblasts

Answer 4

Elongated cells with tapered ends that widely distributed that produce and maintain the extracellular matrix
Important in wound repair

Question 5

What are adipose cells

Answer 5

Fat cells
Fat droplets
White fat

Question 6

What is brown fat

Answer 6

Special type of fat mostly in fetus and neonate
Cells in brown fat many small fat droplets and veery numerous mitochondria
Non shivering thermogenesis

Question 7

What is adipose tissue

Answer 7

Largest store of energy on body

Subcutaneous layers of adipose tissue help to shape body

Question 8

What is a myofibroblast

Answer 8

Durning wound healing causing wound contraction by producing collagen fibres and tugging on them to draw together the wound margins

Question 9

What are leukocytes

Answer 9

Lymphocytes white blood cells

Plasma cells
Granulocytes
Macrophages
From blood stream

Question 10

What are mast cells

Answer 10

Originate form types of leukocyte contain granules of heparin histamine

Question 11

How are macrophages derived

Answer 11

Derived from monocytes in the bone marrow and circulate in blood before migrating into connective tissue where rapidly transform into macrophages
Proliferate locally

Question 12

What does the extracellular matrix consist of

Answer 12

Collagen
Reticular
Elastic fibres

Ground substance

Tissue fluid

Question 13

What synthesises collagen.

Answer 13

Fibroblasts

Question 14

What are the properties of collagen

Answer 14

Inelastic
Tensile strength
Arranged in fibrils

Question 15

What are reticular fibres

Answer 15

Type 3 collagen

Supper it network

Question 16

What a re elastic fibres

Answer 16

Provide elasticity as made up by elastin and fibrillin
Random coils
Cross links

Question 17

What are glycosaminoglycans

Answer 17

Linear polysaccharides formed by repeating disaccharide units
Bound covanlently

Question 18

What are proteoglycans

Answer 18

Hydrophillic due to hydroxyl Carboxyl and sulphate on carb
Mainly composed of protein core
Trap water and act like a sponge

Question 19

What are the most common glycoproteins

Answer 19

Fibronectin
Laminin
Chondronectin

Question 20

What is mesenchyme

Answer 20

Embryonic connective tissue that diff into diff cell types that become fibroblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes and osteocytes

Question 21

What is in loose connective tissue

Answer 21

Abundant ground substance 
Mesentary 
Adipose tissue
Elastic fibres
Bundles of collagen 
Fibroblasts

Question 22

What so the other name given to loose connective tissue

Answer 22

Areolar tissue

Question 23

What is dense connective tissue

Answer 23

Densely packed collagen

Dense regular and irregular

Question 24

What are the functions of connective tissue

Answer 24

Space filler and mechanical support 
Attachment and protection 
Highway for nutrients 
Main fat store and calcium store 
Site for many immunological defence reactions