Soft Connective Tissue Flashcards
What are the subdivisions of connective tissue
Soft connective tissue: tendons, ligaments, mesentary, stroma of organs, dermis of skin
Hard connective tissue: bone and cartilage
Blood and lymph: many authors consider blood and lymph specialised ct
What does ct consist of
Cells
Extracellular matrix
What are the resident cells for ct
Fibroblasts
Adipose cells
Osteocytes - cells of bone
Chondrocytes - cells of cartilage
What are fibroblasts
Elongated cells with tapered ends that widely distributed that produce and maintain the extracellular matrix
Important in wound repair
What are adipose cells
Fat cells
Fat droplets
White fat
What is brown fat
Special type of fat mostly in fetus and neonate
Cells in brown fat many small fat droplets and veery numerous mitochondria
Non shivering thermogenesis
What is adipose tissue
Largest store of energy on body
Subcutaneous layers of adipose tissue help to shape body
What is a myofibroblast
Durning wound healing causing wound contraction by producing collagen fibres and tugging on them to draw together the wound margins
What are leukocytes
Lymphocytes white blood cells
Plasma cells
Granulocytes
Macrophages
From blood stream
What are mast cells
Originate form types of leukocyte contain granules of heparin histamine
How are macrophages derived
Derived from monocytes in the bone marrow and circulate in blood before migrating into connective tissue where rapidly transform into macrophages
Proliferate locally
What does the extracellular matrix consist of
Collagen
Reticular
Elastic fibres
Ground substance
Tissue fluid
What synthesises collagen.
Fibroblasts
What are the properties of collagen
Inelastic
Tensile strength
Arranged in fibrils
What are reticular fibres
Type 3 collagen
Supper it network
What a re elastic fibres
Provide elasticity as made up by elastin and fibrillin
Random coils
Cross links
What are glycosaminoglycans
Linear polysaccharides formed by repeating disaccharide units
Bound covanlently
What are proteoglycans
Hydrophillic due to hydroxyl Carboxyl and sulphate on carb
Mainly composed of protein core
Trap water and act like a sponge
What are the most common glycoproteins
Fibronectin
Laminin
Chondronectin
What is mesenchyme
Embryonic connective tissue that diff into diff cell types that become fibroblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes and osteocytes
What is in loose connective tissue
Abundant ground substance Mesentary Adipose tissue Elastic fibres Bundles of collagen Fibroblasts
What so the other name given to loose connective tissue
Areolar tissue
What is dense connective tissue
Densely packed collagen
Dense regular and irregular
What are the functions of connective tissue
Space filler and mechanical support Attachment and protection Highway for nutrients Main fat store and calcium store Site for many immunological defence reactions
