Resp Syst Flashcards
What is the epithelia like I’m the nasal cav
Vestibule - keratinised stratified squamous epi
Then stratified squamous epi
Then pseudo stratified ciliated columnar epi with goblet cells which is RESP epi
What is e sensation of a blocked nose
Underneath the RESP epi is the lamina propria
A band of connective tissue containing seromucous glands and a rich venous plexus which can quickly engirge with blood giving ‘blocked’ effect
What lines the oropharynx and why
Lined by non-keratinised stratified squamous epi
Oropharynx - transmits air and swallowed food so epi revisit abrasion
What are the vocal folds
When the vocal ligaments are covered in RESP epi which is vocal fold
The trachea consists of what
The c shaped cartilage and the trachealis smooth muscle
What is the wall of the trachea composed of
Lined by RESP epi backed by a basal lamina, a lamina propria of connective tissue with abundant elastic fibres and submucosa of loose ct that includes numerous seromucous glands
What are club/Clara cells
Terminal bronchioles are lined with cuboidal ciliated epi and contain non-ciliated club cells that project above the level of adjacent ciliated cells
Roles- Stem cells Detoxification Immune modulation Surfactant production
How is the RESP system can be divided
Conducting portion
RESP portion
What is the arrangement of alveoli
Terminal portions of bronchial tree and are responsible for spongy nature of lungs
Resemble pockets similar to honeycomb
In them oxygen and carbon dioxide exchanged
What lines alveoli
Type 1 alveolar cells
Type 2 alveolar cells
Pneumocytes
What are type 1 cells
Simple squamous epi that lines alveolar surface permeable to gases
What are type 2 cells
Polygonal in shape the free surface is covered in Microvilli and the cytoplasm displays dense mem bound lamellar bodies which contain surfactant which is release by exocytosis and spreads over pulmonary surface to reduce surface tension at air fluid interface reducing alveoli tendency for alveoli to collapse
What are alveolar macrophages
Aka dust cells
Free cells either in septa or migrating over luminal surfaces of alveoli
Phagocytosed inhaled particles that may have escaped entrapment by the mucous lining of the airway
What su the nasal cav used for then
Warming
moistening
Filtering
Specialised olfactory epithelia
