Bone And Cartilage 1 Flashcards
What su the most predominant collagen type formed into dense regular and irregular connective tissue
Type 1
What is the basement membrane
Between epithelia and underlying supporting connective tissue lies the basal lamina which constitutes a selective barrier to passage of materials between epithelia and supporting tissue
Also involved in control epi Growth and differentiation
What is the composition of the basement membrane
Gags
Type 4 collagen
Glycoproteins (fibronectin, laminin, entactin)
What su cartilage
Semi rigid ct consistently chiefly of scattered cells surrounded by a rather amorphous appeared extracellular matrix
Mostly type 2
What is cartilage histiogenesis
Cartilage formation
Diff of primitive stellate mesenchymal cells rounded cartilage precursor cells - Chondroblasts
These cells divide and aggregate and syn ground sub
Mature to chondrocytes
Devoid of blood vessels a vascular
What is mesenchyme
Primitive connective tissue of embryo
Derived mostly from mesoderm
Also neural crest contributes
Consists of stellate or fusiform cells some reticular fibres and abundant ground substance
What are the cells found in cartilage
Chondrocytes (Chondroblasts when immature)
Live in lacuna
Vary in shape and size
Maintain and secrete ECm
What does ECm consist of
Water Organic material ( collagen, proteoglycans)
What is an important glycoprotein in the matrix
Chondronectin a macromole that promotes adherence of chondrocytes To the matrix collagen
What su the matrix area
Above chondrocytes high in proteoglycans
Territorial matrix
Matrix at distance has fewer proteoglycans inter territorial matrix
What is perichondrium
Cartilage surrounded by this ct layer
Has 2 layers itself
Outer fibrous layer of dense ct and inner chondrogenic layer provides new Chondroblasts to adjacent cartilage
What su hyaline cart
Grossly
Blue whit colour
Most common cart
What is elastic cart
Grossly light yellow colour
Addition of elastic fibres make it quite flexible
What is fribocart
Hybrid between tendon and hyaline cart
Bands densely packed together type 1 collagen
Grossly fibrocart
What are the groups of chondrocytes called
Isogenous
What cartilage is more cellular elastic or hyaline
Elastic more cellular than hyaline
Where are some sites of elastic cartilage
Pinnacle of the ear
Epiglottis
Auditory tube
What is fibrocartilage a mixture of
Mix of dense regular connective tissue type 1 and 2 collagen
Where are some sites where fibrocartilage is
Intervertebral discs
Where tendon inserts onto disc
What su the comparison of cartilage to bone
Cartilage - deformable, permeable, growth apposition all and interstitial
Bone- rigid, not permeable, only apposition all growth
What are the functions of bone
Support Levers Protection Calcium store Haemopoiesis
What is the structure of the bone
Outer shell dense corticol bone make up shaft diaphysis
Cancellous or trabecular bone occupies end of the bone epiphysis
What are the types of collagen
Type 1 - most abundant
Type 2 - hyaline and elastic cart very thin fibres
Type 3 - reticular fibres can polymerise with other types of collagen
Type 4 - basal lamina doesn’t form fibrils
