Sodium (M) Flashcards
What are electrolytes?
These are ions / minerals capable of carrying an electric charge
What are the 2 types of electrolytes?
1) Anions
2) Cations
What is the chemical symbol of sodium?
Na+
Sodium is also called as what?
Natrium
What are the characteristics of Na?
1) It is the most abundant extracellular cation
2) It is the major osmotic particle outside cell
3) Its plasma conc. depends greatly on the intake and excretion of H2O
What are the abnormalities (in terms of lvls) related w/ Na?
1) Hyponatremia
2) Hypernatremia
What are the sx considerations for Na?
1) Serum, heparinized plasma, 24-hr urine are acceptable sxs
2) Hemolysis may affect Na lvls as a result of dilutional effect
What are the principles for Na determination?
1) Na is precipitated as:
a. Triple salt
b. Sodium magnesium uranyl acetate
2) The excess uranium then being reacted w/ ferrocyanide producing a chromophore
What are the steps (/ concepts) present in Na determination?
1) Filtrate preparation
2) Color development
What is the method (/ steps) for filtrate preparation?
1) Label test tubes
a. Blank
b. Standard
c. Patient
2) Pipette 1,000 uL of filtrate rgnt to all tubes
3) Add 50 uL of sx to all tubes and distilled H2O to the blank
4) Shake all tubes vigorously and mix continuously for 3 mins
5) Centrifuge tubes at high speed (10 mins) and transfer supernatant
What is the method (/ steps) for color development?
1) Label test tubes corresponding to the filtrate tubes
a. Blank (/ B)
b. Standard (/ S)
c. Unknown (/ U | / patient)
2) Pipette 1,000 uL sodium acid rgnt to all tubes
3) Add 50 uL of supernatant to respective tubes and mix
4) Add 50 uL of color rgnt to all tubes and mix
5) Set the spectrophotometer at 550 nm (/ semi-automated analyzer can be used)
What is the normal reference range for Na?
135 - 145 mmol/L
