Amylase (M)

Question 1

What is the meaning of AMS?

Answer 1

Amylase

Question 2

What is AMS?

Answer 2

It is an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of starch and glycogen into sugar

Question 3

What is the characteristic of AMS?

Answer 3

It is the smallest enzyme

Question 4

What is the fxn of AMS?

Answer 4

It is used to detect acute pancreatitis

Question 5

If the pt has acute pancreatitis, what happens to the pt’s AMS lvls in the following conditions?

1) Lvls rises at what?
2) Lvls peaks at what?
3) Lvls go back to normal at what?

Answer 5

1) AMS lvls rises at 2 - 12 hrs
2) AMS lvls peaks at 24 hrs
3) AMS lvls returns back to normal at 3 - 5 days

Question 6

*At what conditions are AMS lvls relevant?

Answer 6

1) In cases of salivary gland lesions (mumps and parotitis)

2) In cases of intraabdominal disease

Question 7

*What is macroamylasemia?

Answer 7

It is the condition where there is an increase AMS in blood lvls w/c is accompanied by decreased concentrations

Question 8

At what condition / disorder is macroamylasemia present?

Answer 8

Renal failure

Question 9

What are the major tissue sources of AMS?

Answer 9

1) Pancreas
2) Salivary gland
3) Liver

Question 10

What are the minor tissue sources of AMS?

Answer 10

1) Skeletal muscle
2) Small intestines
3) Fallopian tube

Question 11

What are the sx considerations for AMS?

Answer 11

1) The pt should undergo fasting for 8 - 10 hrs
2) AMS lvls of the pt is stable in serum and urine for 1 wk at room temp
3) Do not use heparin, EDTA, and citrate tubes
4) Avoid contamination of sxs w/ saliva
5) Morphine and opiates elevates AMS

Question 12

Why should heparin, EDTA, and citrate tubes not be used in sx collection?

Answer 12

Because these tubes inhibits the activity of AMS

Question 13

Why should the sx for determination of AMS lvls be avoided in contamination w/ saliva?

Answer 13

Because the AMS lvls increase 700x

Question 14

What is the principle of reaction of AMS?

Answer 14

PNPG7 (via the action of AMS) -> PNPG3 + Maltotetraose

PNPG3 (via the action of Glucoamylase) -> PNPG1 + Glucose

PNPG1 (via the action of Glucosidase) -> p-Nitrophenol + Glucose

Question 15

What is the process (or steps) for determination of AMS lvls?

Answer 15

1) Reconstitute AMS rgnt
2) Label 3 test tubes: BLANK, STANDARD, UNKNOWN
3) Place 1,000 uL of AMS rgnt to all tubes
4) Add 25 uL sx to the corresponding tubes
5) Incubate for 3 mins
6) Read and record the A at 405 nm

Question 16

Where can AMS be found?

Answer 16

1) Serum

2) Urine

Question 17

What is the normal reference range of AMS lvls present in the serum?

Answer 17

Up to 96 IU/L

Question 18

What is the normal reference range of AMS lvls present in the urine?

Answer 18

18 - 330 IU/L