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Socrative - Framing Flashcards

1
Q

How do you square a wall before it is raised?

A

Measure the diagonals

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2
Q

How much depth would be left over in a 2X6 (38mmX140mm) if you made the deepest notch allowed by the code?

A

3 11/16” (93mm)

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3
Q

After installing floor joists, what is the next step in laying out the first row of plywood subfloor?

A

Snap a control chalk line perpendicular to joists

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4
Q

What is the theoretical length (before deductions) of a common rafter on a building with a 24’ (7.315M) span and a 1:1.5 slope?

A

14’-51/16” (4.396M)

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5
Q

What numbers would be used on the framing square to layout cross bridging for a floor with 2X10 joists joists spaced 16” on center?

A

Joist depth less 3/8” on the tongue and the distance between the joists on the body

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6
Q

What is the maximum on center spacing of blocking under a non-loadbearing wall parallel to the floor joists?

A

1200mm

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7
Q

What is the largest increment of 3-4-5 that could be used to assure a building that is 36’-6” X 45’-3” is square, if your space is too restricted to go outside the building’s footprint?

A

33-44-55

Multiple of 11

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8
Q

Where should you begin installing floor sheathing on top of the joists?

A

Corner

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9
Q

What length should continuous ridge blocks be cut to?

A

22 3/8”

Calculation
O.C. 24” - 3/4” - 3/4” - 1/8

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10
Q

What is the maximum diameter hole that can be drilled into the center of a joist at mid span?

A

1/4 the joist depth

Key word: Drilling
9.23.5.1. Holes Dilled in Framing Members
1 Holes dilled in roof, floor or ceiling framing
members shall be not larger than one-quater the depth of
the member and shall be located not less than 50 mm from
the edges, unless the depth of the member is increased by
the size of the hole.

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11
Q

If nailed properly, what is the minimum size ledger strip that can be used to rest joists on when attaching to the side of a wood beam?

A

A 38mmX38mm

9.23.9.2. Joists Suppoted by Beams

1 Floor joists may be suppoted on the tops of beams
or may be framed into the sides of beams.
2 When framed into the side of a wood beam, joists
refered to in Sentence 1 shall be suppoted on,
(a) joist hangers or other acceptable mechanical
connectors, or
(b) not less than 38 mm by 64 mm ledger stips nailed
to the side of the beam, except that 38 mm by 38 mm ledger
stips may be used provided each joist is nailed to the beam
by at least four 89 mm nails, in addition to the nailing for
the ledger stip required in Table 9.23.3.4.

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12
Q

What length would the collar tie be placed 6’ (1.828M) above the top plate on a roof with a 36’ (10.972) span and a 1:1 slope?

A

24’ (7.316M)

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13
Q

What angle would you set the saw to when cutting the end of a ridge board on a hip roof?

A

90°

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14
Q

What is the correct sequence to install these framing members around an opening in a floor?

A

Inner trimmers, outer headers, tail joists, inner headers, outer trimmers

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15
Q

How far can 2X 8 floor joists be cantilevered when supporting a roof load?

A

400mm

Key words: Cantilevered floor joists
9.23.9.9. Cantilevered Floor Joists
1 Floor joists suppoting roof loads shall not be
cantilevered more than 400 mm beyond their suppots
where 38 mm by 184 mm joists are used and not more than
600 mm beyond their suppots where 38 mm by 235 mm or
larger joists are used.

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16
Q

What is the minimum size of web member in a roof truss?

A

2X3

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17
Q

How much sheathing is required for one end of a gable roof with a 32’ (9.753M) span and a 1 in 1.5 roof slope?

A

170.6 ft2 (15.854M²)

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18
Q

What is the size of the ribbon board housed into studs to rest joists on?

A

19mm X 89mm

9.23.9.1. End Bearing for Joists
(1) Except when supported on ribbon boards, floor joists
shall have not less than 38 mm length of end bearing.
(2) Ribbon boards referred to in Sentence (1) shall be
not less than 19 mm by 89 mm lumber let into the studs

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19
Q

What is the length of a hip rafter for a building with a span of 22’ (6.705M) with a 1:3 slope?

A

15’- 11 13/16”

4.871M

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20
Q

If the floor joists span 3M, what would be the minimum number of rows of cross bridging required?

A

1

9.23.9.4. Strapping and Bridging in Tables
A1 and A2
1 Except as permitted by Sentence 5, where
strapping is specified in Table A1, it shall be,
(a) not less than 19 mm by 64 mm, nailed to the
underside of floor joists,
(b) located not more than 2.1 m from each suppot or
other rows of strapping, and
(c) fastened at each end to a sill or header.
2 Where bridging is specified in Table A1, it shall
consist of not less than 19 mm by 64 mm or 38 mm by 38
mm cross bridging located not more than 2.1 m from each
support or other rows of bridging.
# of rows of bridging =
= 1.42857 round up = 2 - 1 (no starter or end)
= 1 row

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21
Q

What is the minimum distance between joints in the top two plates of a framed wall?

A

One stud spacing

Key words: Top plates, joints
9.23.11.4. Joints in Top Plates
(1)Joints in the top plates of loadbeaing walls shall be
staggered not less than one stud spacing

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22
Q

How are the joists treated when framing around a typical stairwell opening?

A

Double joists all around opening

Both are typically doubled because the average stairwell opening is larger that both dimensions listed
below (1.2M X 800mm).
9.23.9.5. Header Joists
(1) Header joists around floor openings shall be doubled
when they exceed 1.2 m in length.
9.23.9.6. Timmer Joists
(1)Timmer joists around floor openings shall be
doubled when the length of the header joist exceeds 800
mm.

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23
Q

How long is the ridge board on a hip roof, If the house is 18’ (5.485M) X 35’ (10.667M)?

A

17’0” (5.182M)

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24
Q

How many square feet (metres) of subfloor would cover a circular floor with a 13’ (3.962M) diameter?

A

132.73 ft² (12.33M²)

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25
What is the length of the 5th hip jack rafter in from the corner of the building if your on center spacing is 16" (406mm) and your roof has a 2:3 slope?
B 8' - 0 3/16" (2440mm)
26
When laying out 1 1/2" wall studs on the top and bottom plates at 24" (610mm) on center, what would be the distance from the starting edge of the plates to the face of the 3rd stud?
47 1/4" (1.201M)
27
What is a floor framing member placed perpendicular to regular joists called?
Header
28
What can be done to reduce deflection in floor sheathing?
Decrease the on center spacing of the floor joists
29
How long must a header joist be before it has to be doubled?
1200mm 9.23.9.5. Header Joists Header joists around floor openings shall be doubled when they exceed 1.2 m in length.
30
How many joists spaced 16" (406mm) on center are required for a floor that is 52' (15.834M) long?
40 ``` # of joists = (length of building ÷ o.c spacing rounded up to the next whole #) + 1 starter Imperial: # of joists = 52' ÷ 1.333333' = 39 + 1 = 40 Metric: # of joists = 15.834M ÷ .406M = 39 q1 = 40 ```
31
What is done when sheathing a floor to prevent it from squeaking in the future?
Apply adhesive to floor joists prior to laying sheathing.
32
What is the minimum size material used for collar ties?
38mm X 89mm Key words: Collar ties 9.23.13.7. Intermediate Support for Rafters and Joists Ceiling joists and collar ties of not less than 38 mm by 89 mm lumber are permitted to be assumed to provide intermediate support to reduce the span for rafters and joists where the roof slope is 1 in 3 or greater.
33
What should non-loadbearing partitions running parallel to floor joists be placed over?
Blocking Whenever you install a partition parallel to the floor joists the bottom plate needs to have sufficient bearing on the floor framing below to prevent deflection and weakening the floor system. Options A and 11/2" C will only provide of bearing, which is not enough. Option B will satisfy code, but option D is the best answer because it gives your petition full support, while doubled up 2X joists will only give you 3" of bearing.
34
34. In what order should these components be installed when constructing a traditional overhang?
Rafter, fascia, ledger, lookout Install rafters, attach fascia to end of your rafters, install ledger board above soffit line against exteior wall, and level lookouts from ledger board to rafter connection.
35
How should floor joists with crowned edges be installed?
Place all crown edges up
36
How much larger than the window dimensions should the rough opening be for a window?
1" You will need to add 1" (1/2" each side) to the width and 1" (1/2" to the top and 1/2" to the bottom. -the 1/2" on the bottom is to give you room for adjustment while levelling the bottom of your window -the 1/2" space above the window is to allow for the building frame to settle without crushing/ cracking the window, and, - the 1/2 " on either side is to allow rooms for shims while plumbing the side of the window frame
37
What's the difference in lengths of gable studs spaced 16" (406mm) on center for a 1:2 sloped roof?
8" (203mm) difference in length of gable stud= on center spacing X (unit rise /unit run)
38
What is the main purpose of a lintel?
To distribute the load to the jacks at the sides of the opening
39
What is the minimum size of a let-in brace for a 2X4 stud wall?
A 19mm X 89mm 9.23.10.2. Bracing and Lateral Support 1 Except as provided in Sentence 2, each exterior wall in each storey shall be braced with at least one diagonal brace conforming to Sentence 3. 2 Bracing is not required where the walls, (a) have an interior finish conforming to the requirements of Section 9.29., or (b) where the walls are, (i) clad with panel-type siding, (ii) diagonally sheathed with lumber, or (iii) sheathed with plywood, OSB, waferboard, gypsum or fiberboard sheathing. 3 Where bracing is required, it shall, (a) consist of not less than 19 mm by 89 mm wood members, (b) be applied to the studs at an angle of approximately 45° to the horizontal, and (c) extend the full height of the wall on each storey
40
When using steel studs as framing members, how should all wall, floor and ceiling components be installed?
All framing is installed "in-line" to transfer loads continuously
41
How do you shorten the end of your rafter that connects to the ridge board?
Half the thickness of the ridge measured perpendicular to the plumb line.
42
If the final window size is 32 3/4" (832mm) wide from outside of jamb, what is the length of the lintel required for the opening?
36 3/4" (934mm) ``` To size the lintel you will need to add 2" (51mm) for each side of the 11/2" opening to allow for (38mm) bearing on the trimmer studs and 1/2" (13mm) on both side of the opening. ```
43
What is the length of a hip rafter for a roof with a 24' (7.3M) span and a 1:2 slope?
18' (5.48M) Hip rafter line length = (run x HULL) / unit run
44
Which of the following would be represented by the Hypotenuse of a framing triangle?
Line Length
45
What determines the run of a shed roof rafter?
The span of the building minus wall thickness
46
What is the total rise of a roof that has a 32' (9.754M) span and a 1:1 slope?
16' (4.877M) Total rise = (run x unit rise ) / unit rise
47
If a gable roof has a 24' (7.315M) span and a 1:1.5 slope, what is its total rise?
8' (2.438M) Total rise = (run x unit rise ) / unit rise
48
If the total rise of a roof is 27' (8.229M) and the run is 18' (5.486M), what is the slope?
18:12 (1.5 : 1) Ratio and proportion
49
What is the difference between the theoretical line length of a common rafter and the actual length of the rafter?
Half the thickness of the ridge board
50
A roof has a run of 14'-6" and a rise of 5'-9". Using the 12ths scale to step off the rafter with total run on the body and the total rise on the tongue, how many times would the square be moved in laying out the length of the rafter?
12 Explanation : To use the twelfths scale the total rise and total run are both divided by 12, making the un 14.5" (representing 14.5') and the rise 5.75" (representing 5.75'). Whenever you use the twelfths scale, the square will be moved 12 times because you will have broken the ratio for that roof scale in 12ths
51
A roof has a run of 14'-6" and a rise of 5'-9". Using the 12ths scale to step off the rafter with total run on the body and the total rise on the tongue, how many times would the square be moved in laying out the length of the rafter?
12 times. To use the twelfths scale the total ise and total un are both divided by 12, making the un 14.5" (representing 14.5') and the ise 5.75" (representing 5.75'). Whenever you use the twelfths scale, the square will be moved 12 times because you will have broken the ratio for that roof scale in 12ths.
52
What is the minimum thickness of plywood sub-floor with joists at 16" (406mm) on center?
15.5mm
53
What can be done to prevent squeaks at the joint/hanger/beam connection?
D, Apply mastic to the hanger, then insert joist Explanation: Option A will ensure that your connection is nailed properly according to the code, but the connection could loosen slightly over time and squeaking can occur. Option B and C will not reduce squeaking in any way. Only option D will work.
54
When applying construction adhesive to the top of the floor joists what should happen at the end of a sheet, on the joist where two sheets butt together?
Apply two straight beads, one for each sheet Options A and C are not preferable because in both cases glue will be in the gap between panels, increasing the likelihood that it will squeeze out through the joint and cause an unneeded mess. Option D won't work because the ends should not be touching (a 23mm gap should be left between panels to allow for expansion and contraction) so the glue will not be in contact with anything but air.
55
What is done to roof sheathing when a continuous roof vent is used?
Provide a space at the top
56
What tool helps to install the second row of tongue and groove floor sheathing?
Sledge Hammer
57
What is the minimum end bearing for a beam?
90mm 9.20.8.3. Bearing of Beams and Joists 1 .The bearing area under beams and joists shall be sufficient to cay the supported load. 2. In no case shall the minimum length of end bearing of beams supported on masonry be less than 90 mm.
58
What should be done when a floor joist lands in line with where a toilet drainpipe will be?
Move joist over and add another
59
What is the maximum distance between rows of bridging?
2.1m 9.23.9.4. Strapping and Bridging in Tables A1 and A2 (1)Except as permitted by Sentence 5, where strapping is specified in Table A1, it shall be, (a) not less than 19 mm by 64 mm, nailed to the underside of floor joists, (b) located not more than 2.1 m from each support or other rows of strapping, and (c) fastened at each end to a sill or header. (2) Where bridging is specified in Table A1, it shall consist of not less than 19 mm by 64 mm or 38 mm by 38 mm cross bridging located not more than 2.1 m from each support or other rows of bridging. (3 )Where bridging and strapping are specified in Table A1, (a) bridging shall, (i) comply with Sentence 2, or (ii) consist of 38 mm solid blocking located not more than 2.1 m from each support or other rows of bridging and securely fastened between the joists, and (b) except as provided in Sentence 5, strapping shall comply with Sentence 1 and be installed under the bridging. 4 Bridging specified in Table A2 shall consist of, (a) bridging as described in Sentence 2, or (b) 38 mm solid blocking located not more than 2.1 m from each support or other rows of bridging and securely fastened between the joists.
60
How are wood floor joists kept straight when installing floor sheathing?
Layout on center spacing on the leading edge of the sheathing
61
What length lintel is required for a 2'-8" exterior door with 3/4" jambs, allowing a door clearance of 1/4"?
3' - 2" ``` Each side of the assembly will need the following measurements to be added to the 2'8" measurement to determine the size of lintel required: 1/4" door clearance 3/4" jamb material 1/2" shim space + 1 1/2" trimmer stud bearing 3" X 2 sides = 6" to be added 2'8" + 6" = 3' - 2" ```
62
What is the plumb cut for a hip/valley cripple jack on a roof with a 1 in 6 slope?
2 and 17, cut on the 17 x/ 12 = 1/6 Your rise is always used for marking your plumb cuts and your commons and cripples will always use 12 as your unit run (17 is used for hip and valley rafters ONLY)
63
How would you make the cut at the end of a cripple jack rafter?
Set saw at 45° and make A a single cheek cut
64
What does a raised plate on a minor span indicate?
Unequal slope While the presence of a minor span indicates that you are building an intersecting roof, only an Unequal slope roof requires you to raise the plate for your fascia to maintain a consistent height.
65
What is the maximum distance an exterior wall may extend beyond its support?
1/3 width of plate 9.23.11.2. Bottom Wall Plates (1) A bottom wall plate shall be provided in all cases. (2) The bottom plate in exterior walls shall not project more than one-third the plate width over the support.
66
Where is the optimum place to locate a collar tie?
Middle third The purpose of using a collar tie is to help secure the rafters to the idge and resist the outwards force cause by the live and dead loads that are placed on the roof throughout the year. The middle half is optimum because it will reduce the span of the rafters the most, and still provide comfortable attic access (lower third can create a tipping hazard).
67
How do you calculate the actual length of the ridge board for an equal pitch hip roof?
Building length minus building width, plus the thickness of the ridge board. For all commons, including the ones at either end of your ridge board (end or King commons), you need to make a deduction of half the thickness of the ridge board prior to installation. Therefore, this measurement will need to be added to the ridge board at either end. Because we are adding half the ridge thickness twice, the overall addition ends up being one full thickness.
68
How do you calculate the actual length of the ridge board for an equal pitch hip roof?
same as last one
69
What is the theoretical length of a common rafter for a gable dormer roof with a span of 12'-6" (3.81M) with a 1 in 2 roof slope?
6' 11 7/8" (2.13M) ``` Run = span/x2 ULL = a² + b² = c² CRLL = (run x ULL)/ unit run ```
70
What is unique about balloon framing?
Studs un all the way to the roof
71
What is the maximum allowable span for a roof joist with the following specifications: No. 2 Spruce, 1.5 snow load, 38mm X 184mm joist, 406mm on center spacing
4.05 Table A4 Maximum Spans for Roof Joists – Specified Roof Snow Loads 1.0 to 2.0 kPa Forming Pat of Sentence 9.23.4.2.(1)
72
When are diagonal wind braces not required when framing walls?
When the wall is covered with structural sheathing Section 9.23. Wood Frame Construction 9.23.1. Application 9.23.1.1. Limitations (1) This Section applies where wall, floor and roof planes are generally comprised of lumber frames of small repetitive structural members, or engineered components, and where, (a) roof and wall planes are clad, sheathed or braced on at least one side,
73
A string line and a brace are placed on the floor side of an exterior wall. How can this wall be brought in towards the string line?
By propping up under the center of the brace and forcing it upward. Explanation: Once the wall is raised, a brace is installed with a bow in it pointing upwards. Pressing down on the middle will straighten out the bow and move the top plate(s) outward, while forcing it upward will increase the bend in the bow, moving the top plate(s) inward.
74
Calculate the length of the lower cripple stud in the following situation: ``` Wall height= 8'1", Window size= 41"X37", Lumber thickness= 1 1/2" Lintel size= 2 X 10 , Double top plate, no upper cripple studs. ```
43 3/4" ``` Explanation: First add up all your dimensions: Window opening (height + 1/2" top and bottom) = 38" Lintel size (2X10) = 9.25" Double top plate = 3" Window sill = 1.5" Single bottom plate =+ 1.5" 53.25" Next deduct those dimensions from the wall height to determine the length of your cripple studs: 8'1"= 97" 73/4" 97" - 53.25" = 43.75" = 3' ```
75
What are the minimum dimensions for an attic access that serves more than one dwelling unit?
550mm X 900mm 9.19.2. Access 9.19.2.1. Access (1)Every attic or roof space shall be provided with an access hatch where the attic or roof space, (a) measures not less than, (i) 10 m² in area, (ii) 1 000 mm in length or width, and (iii) 600 mm in height over at least the area described in Sub clauses (i) and (ii), or (b) contains a fuel-fired appliance. (2) Except where an attic or roof space contains a fuel fired appliance, the hatch required in Sentence 1 shall be not less than 550 mm by 900 mm except that, where the hatch serves a single dwelling unit, the hatch may be reduced to, (a) 0.32 m2 in area with no dimension less than 545 mm, or (b) 500 mm by 700 mm.
76
What should rigid foam sheathing be applied to wood framed walls with?
Plastic Cap nails
77
A beam for a basement is 17M long. It bears on the foundation at both ends by 100mm and has 5 evenly spaced intermediate support columns with bearing plates that are 140mm X 140mm. What is the quarter point length?
700mm First, you will need to take the amount that the beam bears on the exteior walls away from its length: 17M = 17000mm - 100mm - 100mm = 16800mm Next you will need to divide the overall length by the number of spaces to get your spans: # of spaces = # of columns q1 = 5 + 1 = 6 spaces 16800 ÷ 6 = 2800mm span To find your quater point, take your span and divide it by 4 2800mm ÷ 4 = 700mm
78
What is the common difference in lengths of jacks spaced at 24" on center for a 1:1.2 roof slope?
31.24" To find the common difference in your jack rafters, you need to determine your unit line length (ULL) and then multiply it by your on center spacing(expressed in decimal feet: Multiply both numbers by ten to get an Imperial roof ratio:
79
When platform framing a building it is typical to start with which wall?
The longest wall
80
What is the minimum size and type of nail to install 1/2" (13mm) gypsum sheathing?
44mm roofing Reference: Table 9.23.3.5 Fasteners for Sheathing and Subflooring
81
What is the name of the reinforcement added to the end of an engineered joist where it supports a loadbearing wall?
Squash block
82
What is the primary function of backing in framing?
strengthen wall finishes
83
What is the minimum size wall stud for an exterior wall supporting 1 storey and a roof framed at 16" (406mm) on center?
38mm X 89mm Reference: Table 9.23.10.1 Item 2 Column 3
84
What should be done with the end studs of a staggered stud partition?
They should be as wide as the top and bottom plates. Explanation: To ensure a that a wall is strong enough to carry the loads that it is designed for, the beginning stud and end stud should be as wide as the top and bottom plates so that the plates have full bearing at each end of the wall.
85
If the double studs at the side of an opening have a slight crown, what can be done to straighten them out?
Place crowns in opposite direction and nail together. Pointing your crowns in opposite directions will be the best option because it will maintain an adequate wall thickness and improve the walls appearance without wasting too much time and material.
86
How should you install vapour barrier at the top of an interior partition?
Between the top plates
87
Which is the minimum size lintel that can be used in the following scenario: 2 storey house 1. 5kPa snow load 1. 5M opening Exterior wall S-P-F lintel material 11mm OSB sheathing
2- 38 x 184 Table A-5
88
What is the main purpose of installing H-clips when sheathing a roof?
To prevent deflection of the sheets between t
89
When framing an intersecting hip roof with trusses, where is the best place to begin erection?
Girder truss
90
When framing exterior walls, how should the double top plates be installed at the outside corners?
Overlap the top plates to tie the walls together
91
What is applied to a preserved wood foundation at grade?
12" wide piece of PWF plywood PWF (Permanent wood foundation) Treated plywood is a resistant material used for foundations, bulkheads, retaining walls, roofs and floors sheathing in tropical regions or when resistance to termites and decay is required.
92
How much should you deduct for the tail cut of a hip rafter, measured perpendicular to the plumb cut?
The diagonal thickness of the rough fascia
93
What is the minimum width that a beam pocket should be for a 4 ply built up wood beam?
7" 9.23.2.2. Protection from Decay (1)Ends of wood joists, beams and other members framing into masonry or concrete shall be treated to prevent decay where the bottom of the member is at or below ground level, or a 12 mm air space shall be provided at the end and sides of the member. (2) Air spaces required in Sentence 1 shall not be blocked by insulation, vapour barriers or air tight materials Because a 4 ply beam is 6" (152mm) wide, and you need to leave approximately 1/2" (12mm) of air space on each side, the beam pocket size would be: 6" + 1/2" + 1/2" = 7" or 152mm + 12.7mm + 12.7mm ˜ 178mm
94
What is the preferred way to support a 2' overhang on a gable roof?
Cantilever lookouts
95
How is a hip rafter "dropped" to assure sheathing remains on the same plane?
Take more out of the birds mouth
96
96. | What can be done to temporarily keep trusses from falling over?
Attach a diagonal 2 X 4 brace across the top chord of the trusses
97
What is the floor area of a circular building that is 18'7" (5.663M) in diameter
271ft² (25.19M²)
98
When Ridge boards intersect what type of cut needs to be made to the hips and valleys when they meet in a tripod fashion?
A | Double cheek cut both
99
What is the greatest advantage to using engineered wood I joists?
Span longer distances
100
How deep should the birds mouth be on a valley rafter?
How deep should the birds mouth be on a valley rafter?

Red SEAL PREP (19 decks)

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