Sociology Ch 4: Social Interaction and Everyday Life in the Age of the Internet

Question 0

How do we manage impressions in daily life?

Answer 0

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Question 1

What is social interaction?

Answer 1

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Question 2

What rules guide how we communicate with others?

Answer 2

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Question 3

How to time and space affect our interactions?

Answer 3

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Question 4

How did the rules of social interaction affect your life?

Answer 4

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Question 5

Erving Goffman

Answer 5

A highly influential sociologists who created a new field of study called microsociology, or social interaction. He believed that sociologists needed to concern themselves with seemingly trivial aspects of everyday social behavior for three reasons: our ordinary routines give structure and form to what we do, the study of everyday life reveals to us how humans can act creatively to shape reality, and studying social interaction in everyday life sheds light on larger social systems and institutions. Saw social life as though played out by actors on stage.

Question 6

Microsociology

Answer 6

The study of human behavior in the context of face-to-face interaction.

Question 7

Social interaction

Answer 7

The process by which we act and react to those around us.

Question 8

Civil inattention

Answer 8

The process whereby individuals in the same physical setting demonstrate to one another that they are aware of each other’s presence.

Question 9

Nonverbal communication

Answer 9

Communication between individuals based on facial expression or bodily gestures rather than on language. Also called “body language.”

Question 10

Charles Darwin

Answer 10

One of the originators of evolutionary theory. Claimed that basic bouts of emotional expression on the same in all human beings.

Question 11

Paul Ekman

Answer 11

Developed with his colleagues what they call the Facial Action Coding System (FACS). Developed from his research the theory that basic laws of emotional expression are the same in all human beings as Darwin hypothesized.

Question 12

Irenãus Eibl-Eibesfeldt

Answer 12

Studied six children born deaf and blind to see to what extent their facial expressions were the same as those of sighted and hearing individuals. Had similar expressions.

Question 13

Social role

Answer 13

Socially defined expectations of an individual in a given status, or occupying a particular social position. In every society, individuals play a number of social roles, such as teenager, parent, worker, or political leader.

Question 14

Status

Answer 14

The social on purpose teach than a particular group is accorded by other members of society.

Question 15

Social position

Answer 15

The social identity an individual has in a given group or society. Social positions may be general in nature (those associated with gender roles) or maybe more specific (occupational positions).

Question 16

Impression management

Answer 16

Preparing for the presentation of one’s social role.

Question 17

Unfocused interaction

Answer 17

Interaction occurring among people present in a particular setting but not engaged in direct face-to-face communication.

Question 18

Focused interaction

Answer 18

Interaction between individuals engage in a common activity or indirect conversation with one another.

Question 19

Encounter

Answer 19

A meeting between two or more people in a situation of face-to-face interaction.

Question 20

Ethnomethodology

Answer 20

The study of how people make sense of what others say and do in the course of day-to-day social interaction. It is concerned with the “ethnomethods” by which people sustain meaningful exchanges with one another.

Question 21

Harold Garfunkel

Answer 21

Was, after Gofman, the most important figure in the study of micro interaction. Argued that in order to understand the way people use context to make sense of the world, sociologist need to study the “background expectancies” with which we organize ordinary conversations.

Question 22

Conversation analysis

Answer 22

The empirical study of conversations, employing techniques drawn from ethnomethodology. Conversation analysis examines details of naturally occurring conversations to reveal the organizational principles of talk and its role in the production and reproduction of social order.

Question 23

Interactional vandalism

Answer 23

The deliberate subversion of the tactical rules of conversation.

Question 24

Response cries

Answer 24

Seemingly involuntary exclamations individuals make when, for example, being taken by surprise, dropping something inadvertently, or expressing pleasure.

Question 25

Personal space

Answer 25

The physical space individuals maintain between themselves and others.

Question 26

Time-space

Answer 26

When and where events occur.

Question 27

Regionalization

Answer 27

The division of social life into different regional settings or zones.

Question 28

Clock time

Answer 28

Times as measured by the clock, in terms of hours, minutes, and seconds. Before the invention of clocks, time reckoning was based on events in the natural world, such as the rising and setting of the sun.

Question 29

Compulsion of proximity

Answer 29

People’s need to interact with others in their presence.

Question 30

Elijah Anderson

Answer 30

A sociologist who tried to understand simple interactions. Asked “what types of behavioral cues and signs make up the vocabulary of public interaction?”