Sociology Ch 10: Ethnicity and Race

Question 1

What are race and ethnicity?

Answer 1

.

Question 2

How do ethnic groups coexist and compete?

Answer 2

.

Question 3

Why do ethnic groups migrate?

Answer 3

.

Question 4

How do ethnic minorities experience life in the united states?

Answer 4

.

Question 5

How does racial and ethnic inequality affect your life?

Answer 5

.

Question 6

Ethnicity

Answer 6

cultural values and norms that distinguish the members of a given group from others.

Question 7

Race

Answer 7

differences in human physical characteristics used to categorize large numbers of individuals (color, facial features). Race is a social construction.

Question 8

Which is more fluid: ethnicity or race?

Answer 8

ethnicity

Question 9

Which is learned: ethnicity or race?

Answer 9

ethnicity

Question 10

Racialization

Answer 10

the process by which understandings of race are used to classify individual groups of people.

Question 11

So, why do we obsess over race, or racialize people?

Answer 11

Because there are “benefits”

Question 12

What are the 5 “benefits” of racialization?

Answer 12

o It sets a foundation for a hierarchical system of human value.
o It’s a framework to ascribe attributes.
o Negative attributes justify discrimination.
o Positive attributes justify social rewards.
o The structure maintains a ready scapegoat.

Question 13

Racism

Answer 13

a belief that members of separate races pose different and unequal traits

Question 14

Institutional racism

Answer 14

Patterns of racism that have become a part of the structure of social institutions.

Question 15

Prejudice

Answer 15

preconceived ideas about an individual or group.

Question 16

Discrimination

Answer 16

harmful or negative acts (not mere thoughts) against people deemed inferior on the basis of their racial category without regard to their individual merit.

Question 17

Where does discrimination occur?

Answer 17

institutionally and individually

Question 18

stereotype

Answer 18

a fixed and inflexible category

Question 19

displacement

Answer 19

the transferring of ideas or emotions from their true source to another object.

Question 20

scapegoats

Answer 20

an individual or group blamed for wrongs that were not of their doing.

Question 21

What are five inequalities that have to do with race?

Answer 21

Education
Employment and income
Health
Residential Segregation
Political Power

Question 22

White privilege

Answer 22

refers to any advantage, opportunity, benefit, head start, or general protection from negative societal mistreatment, which persons deemed white will typically enjoy, but which all others will generally not enjoy.

Question 23

Minority group

Answer 23

A minority group which finds themselves at a disadvantage to the majority.

Question 24

Dominant group

Answer 24

opposite of a minority group

Question 25

genocide

Answer 25

the systematic, planned destruction of a racial, political, or cultural group

Question 26

assimilation

Answer 26

The acceptance of a group

Question 26

segregation

Answer 26

the practice of keeping racial groups separate

Question 27

assimilation

Answer 27

The acceptance of a minority group by a majority group, in which the new group takes on the values and norms of the dominant culture.

Question 28

melting pot

Answer 28

merging of different cultures by mixing them together.

Question 29

pluralism

Answer 29

where ethnic cultures maintain their culture, yet also participate in the society’s culture.

Question 30

multiculturalism

Answer 30

society in which ethnic groups exist separately but equally.

Question 31

immigration

Answer 31

movement of people into a country

Question 32

emigration

Answer 32

movement of people out of country

Question 33

What four tendencies characterize migration patterns?

Answer 33

Acceleration, diversification, globalization, feminization

Question 34

acceleration

Answer 34

migration across borders is happening in greater numbers than ever before.

Question 35

diversification

Answer 35

countries increasingly receive immigrants of many different types.

Question 36

globalization

Answer 36

immigration now involves a greater number of countries.

Question 37

feminization

Answer 37

a growing number of immigrants are women

Question 38

Diaspora

Answer 38

The dispersal of an ethnic population from an original homeland into foreign areas, often in a forced manner under traumatic circumstances.