Socialisation Flashcards
What is socialisation?
The process through which individuals learn the norms and values of their society
What are the 6 agents of socialisation?
- Family
- Peer group
- Education
- Media
- Religion
- Workplace
What is primary socialisation?
- Occurs in the early years of life (0-5)
- Family= teach us basic norms and values
What is secondary socialisation?
- The socialisation that follows primary socialisation
- Peer group, education, media, religion, workplace
What do functionalists think about the socialisation process?
Teaches society the same core values, which creates a value consensus
What do functionalists think socialisation leads to?
A society that is:
- Stable
- Harmonious
- Ordered
What do marxists think about the socialisation process?
The working class are manipulated into believing the values of the ruling class
What are a marxist ruling class society values?
- Hard work
- Obedience
- Respect for authority
- Envy/Greed
Who does socialisation benefit?
Functionalist- everyone in society
Marxist- the ruling class only
What is the nature/nurture debate?
Nature/nurture
- Debate over whether humans are shaped by their genes (nature) or their upbringing (nurture)
What did Bouchard do?
Nature/nurture
NATURE-
- Researched identical twins, separated at birth, and found striking similarities
- Oskar= raised a Catholic in Germany
- Jack= raised a Jew in the Caribbean
- Similarities include: likes and dislikes, mannerisms, temperament, favourite foods, choice in clothes
Who is Isabel the chicken girl?
Nature/nurture
NURTURE-
- Left in the chicken coop with the hens until aged 10
- Could not speak, was not toilet trained, and expressed emotion by beating her arms and drumming her feet, physically malformed
Who are Kamala and Amala?
Nature/nurture
NURTURE-
- 2 girls found living with wolves (8 years and 18 months old)
- Behaviour= wolf-like, howled, walked on all fours, ate without using their hands
Who is Oxana Malaya?
Nature/nurture
NURTURE-
- Left in the dog kennel= barking, running on all fours
Who is Genie?
Nature/nurture
NURTURE-
- Case of privation= shut off in her room, strapped to a ‘potty chair’ and given no huma interaction/stimulation
- Made some progress at forming human attachment, but could not speak fluently
Who is Bruce Reimer?
Nature/nurture
NURTURE (mainly)-
- Seven months old- penis destroyed in a circumcision operation
- Dr Money suggested he could be raised a girl
- Name changed to Brends, brought up to be feminine- wear dresses, play with dolls
- At 13, she attempted suicide, was told the truth and decided to live a male= David
What do Mead’s tribal studies show about the nature/nurture debate?
Nature/nurture
NURTURE-
- Gender norms differ between tribes
- E.g: Tchambuli tribe- women= assertive, men= quiet vs UK (roles are reversed)
