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Sociology- Culture, socialisation, identity > Culture > Flashcards

Culture Flashcards

1
Q

What is sociology?

A

The study of human behaviour and organisations in a society

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2
Q

What shapes human behaviour?

A

Culture, agents of socialisation, identity

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3
Q

What are the agents of socialisation?

A
  • Peers
  • Family
  • Religion
  • Media
  • Education
  • Work place
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4
Q

What factors make up identity?

A
  • Age
  • Gender
  • Sexuality
  • Disability
  • Ethnicity
  • Social class
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5
Q

What is culture?

A

The entire learned and shared way of life of a particular society (includes the behaviour and beliefs of a group)

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6
Q

What are some examples of culture?

A

Islamic culture (certain diet and dress), British culture (English language)

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7
Q

What are norms?

A

The social rules that define the expected and acceptable behaviours, based on values, of a society

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8
Q

What are some examples of norms?

A

Knocking on a door before entering, queueing, eating food with knife and fork (UK)

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9
Q

What are values?

A

Beliefs and ideas about what is desirable and important within a society

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10
Q

What are some examples of values?

A

Uk= life, success, family, wealth, fairness

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11
Q

What are the features of a culture?

A

Language, accent, race, religion, the law, norms, values, roles, diet, dress, flags/symbols, social class

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12
Q

What did Woodward say about the culture of society?

A

The culture of a society is based on shared meanings, values and practices

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13
Q

What did Williams say about culture?

A

Culture is the entire shared way of life of a society

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14
Q

What is INTERcultural diversity?

A

Diversity BETWEEN cultures, e.g. international football game

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15
Q

What is INTRAcultural diversity?

A

Diversity WITHIN a culture, e.g. hen and stag dos

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16
Q

What did Mead study?

A

1930s. Studied a range of cultures. Three tribes in New Guinea- each had a different view on gender

17
Q

What were the Arapesh tribe like?

Mead

A
  • Men and women displayed similar behaviours to each other
  • Feminine personalities- cooperative, sensitive
  • No arguments
  • Simple and kind culture
18
Q

What were the Mundugumor tribe like?

Mead

A
  • Cannibals and headhunters
  • Males and females were similar
  • Masculine feature- assertive, insensitive
  • Violent, jealous, hostile
19
Q

What were the Tchambuli tribe like?

Mead

A
  • Male and female personalities
  • Women= bossy, assertive
  • Men= quiet, emotional
  • Artistic tribe
20
Q

What do functionalists believe?

A
  • Durkheim
  • Culture and identity needed for the socialisation process
  • Collective conscience (shared way of thinking)
21
Q

What do marxists believe?

A
  • Marx
  • Societies are economically based
  • Ruling class takes control of the subject class (manipulation)
21
Q

What is conspicuous consumption?

A

The buying of branded/logoed goods

21
Q

What is commodity fetishism?

A

A strong desire for a manufactured product

22
Q

What is the marxist view on shopping?

A
  • Benefits ruling class
  • Promotes capitalism
  • Exploits the subject class
22
What is the functionalist view on shopping?
- Cultural norm - Improves the economy - Promotes businesses - Leads to a stable, harmonious and ordered society
23
What is cultural relativity?
Culture is relative from time to time, place to place, culture to culture
24
What are some examples of cultural relativity?
Time to time= abortion, homosexuality, rape Place to place= public smoking, nudity, underage drinking Culture to culture= diet, dress, smoking cannabis
25
What is subculture?
- Culture within a culture - Smaller group of people who share distinctive norms and values - Durkheim - E.g. goth, emo, skater
26
What is high culture?
- Associated with wealthy elite - Upper class members - Contrasts popular culture - Leavis (1930s) - E.g. ballet, polo, hunting,
27
What is popular culture?
- Activities enjoyed by the masses of society - Cultural products are heavily influenced by the media - Results in consumerism - Strinati - E.g. football, Hollywood, pop music
28
What is consumer culture?
- Goods and services we buy and consume in society - Identity becomes defined by the things we consume - Lury (1996) - E.g. conspicuous consumption, shopping becoming leisure
29
What is global culture?
- The growing cultural influences that connect countries - Cultural products become common in many different countries they did not originate from - Intensify social relations - McLuhan (1989) - E.g. Mcdonalds, Coca Cola, Nike
30
What is cultural hybridity?
- Merging of multiple cultures - Uk= hybrid, as it contains a variety of cultures - E.g. Brasians, see in music, food, fashion
31
What is multiculturalism?
- Promotion of cultural diversity - Relates to patterns of migration, promotes ethnic diversity - Celebrates ethnic differences - Parekh (2006), Barker (2003) - E.g. China town in the UK
32
What is cultural diversity?
- Different cultural groups in society - Culturally embedded - Parekh (2006) - E.g. class, gender, ethnicity

Sociology- Culture, socialisation, identity (13 decks)

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