Social Psychology - PREJUDICE

Question 1

authoritarian personality features

Answer 1

Adorno et al. high levels of obedience, measured through F scale – result of conditional love

Question 2

social identity theory aim

Answer 2

humans have a strong desire to ‘belong’

Question 3

social identity theory 3 stages

Answer 3

social categorisation:

• ingroup, the group we see ourselves belonging in
• refers to separating individuals into ingroups and outgroups
• outgroups may cause prejudice

social identification:

• individual adopting the beliefs, values and attitudes of their ingroup
• may alter their behaviour to fit within the norms
• may change and form a new social identity

social comparison:

• may boost their self-esteem through making comaprisons between ingroup and outgroup
• leads to stereoptyes
• may lead to prejudice

Question 4

support for social identity theory

Answer 4

tajfel and turner
15-year old bristol boys
ingroups + outgroups created through a task
boys asked to allocate points (which would be cash)
found out boys would give more to ingroup

^competing argument
task lacks mundane realism
may be less discriminatory in real life cause of social consequences

Question 5

realistic conflict theory stages

Answer 5

intergroup competition:

• 2 groups have same goal
• prejudice and hostility will increase

negative interdependence:

• occurs when 2 groups want to achieve same goal
• but only 1 group can achieve
• increase in solidarity within each group

limited resources:
- struggle often be for scarce material/ physical resources

positive interdependence and superordinate goals:

• prejudice can be reduced
• when 2 groups work together for common goal

Question 6

support for realistic conflict theory

Answer 6

sherif et al.
negative interdependence caused prejudice
positive interdependence and superordinate goals decreased prejudice

Question 7

weakness for realistic conflict theory

Answer 7

tajfel et al.

external competition is not necessary to create prejudice

Question 8

authoritarian personality vs. prejudice and discrimination

Answer 8

highly obedient personallity + prone to display prejudice

scapegoats their hostility to those socially inferior

Question 9

RWA vs. prejudice and discrimination

Answer 9

authoritarian traits… reaction to fear and uncertainty (e.g. liberalism)

Question 10

SDO vs. prejudice and discriminatnion

Answer 10

Pratto et al. motivated to seek ingroup power, dominance and superiority
believe in fighting for power

Question 11

RWA and SDO vs. prejudice evaluation

Answer 11

support – positively correlated with generalised prejudice, negatively correlated with openness to experience

weakness –
ignores social norms and situational factors

Question 12

social norms vs. prejudice

Answer 12

desirability to remain in certain social groups – influences decisions + beliefs

Question 13

competitions/ resource stress vs. prejudice

Answer 13

resource stress described how prejudice arises if ingroup percieves themselves to be in competition with outgroup

Question 14

norm of intolerance vs. prejudice

Answer 14

some cultures accept diversity – less prejudice

some cultures accepts prejudice – more prejudice

Question 15

norm of fairness vs. prejudice

Answer 15

some cultures concerned with fairness than competition

Question 16

evaluation of culture vs. prejudice

Answer 16

strength – F-scale doesn’t significantly correlate prejudice with white South African participants
cultural norms may cause critical attitudes to specific ooutgroups