Social Psychology (8%-10%)

Question 1

Conformity

Answer 1

The act of matching attitudes, beliefs and behaviors to group norms

Question 2

Normative influence

Answer 2

Influence that produces conformity when a person fears the negative social consequences of appearing deviant

Question 3

Stanley Milgram

Answer 3

Measured the willingness to obey an authority figure who instructed them to perform acts that conflicted with their personal conscious

26 out of 40 participants delivered the ultimate punishment

Question 4

Social facilitation

Answer 4

A process whereby the presence of others enhances performance on easy tasks but impairs performance on difficult task

Question 5

Social inhibition

Answer 5

Performance is poor when others are watching

Question 6

Social loafing

Answer 6

Tendency of individuals to put less effort when they are a part of a group

Question 7

Deindividualization

Answer 7

Loss of a person sense of individuality into the reduction of normal constraints against deviant behavior

Question 8

Group polarization

Answer 8

The exaggeration of initial tendencies in the thinking of group members through group discussions

Question 9

Groupthink

Answer 9

A group decision making style characterized by an excessive tendency among group members to seek concurrence

Question 10

Prejudiced

Answer 10

Unjustified negative attitude about a group of people based on their membership in the group

Question 11

Discrimination

Answer 11

Unjustified negative behavior toward members of a target group based on their race, ethnicity or other shared characteristics

Question 12

Stereotype threat

Answer 12

A situation in which people feel at risk of performing as their group is expected to perform

Question 13

In groups

Answer 13

Group that we identify with or see ourselves belonging to

Question 14

Out groups

Answer 14

Social groups with whom a person does not identify

Question 15

The frustration aggression principal

Answer 15

The idea that people become aggressive when they’re frustrated by being blocked from reaching a goal

Question 16

Bystander effect

Answer 16

Phenomenon in which the greater number of people present, the less likely people are to help a person in distress, diffusion of responsibility

Question 17

Altruism

Answer 17

The unselfish concern for other people, doing things simply out of the desire to help not because you feel obligated to

Question 18

Social exchange theory

Answer 18

Argues that altruism only exists when in the benefits out weigh that costs

Question 19

Reciprocity

Answer 19

Social expectation in which refill pressure to help others if they have already done something for us

Question 20

Social responsibility norm

Answer 20

Societal rule that tells people they should help others who need help even if they may not repay us

Question 21

Social dilemma

Answer 21

A situation in which a self interested choice by everyone will create the worst outcome for everyone

Question 22

Mere exposure effect

Answer 22

Liking someone occurs because of repeatedly saying that person or thing

Question 23

Proximity

Answer 23

The closer people are together physically, the more likely they are the form a relationship or friendship

Question 24

Fundamental attribution error

Answer 24

Our tendency to underestimate the impact of societal factors and overestimate the impact of dispositional factors when assessing why other people acted the way they did

Question 25

Self-serving bias

Answer 25

Tendency to blame external forces when bad things happen to us and to give ourselves credit when good things happen to us

Question 26

Actor observer bias

Answer 26

Tendency to attribute one’s own actions to external causes while attributing other peoples actions to internal causes

Question 27

False consensus effect

Answer 27

Tendency to overestimate how much other people agree with us

Question 28

Just world phenomenon

Answer 28

Tendency to believe that the world is a just place and that people get what they deserve

Question 29

Self-fulfilling prophecy

Answer 29

Prediction that causes itself to come true due to the simple fact that the prediction was made

Question 30

Central route of persuasion

Answer 30

The process by which a person thinks carefully about a communication and is influenced by the strength of its arguments

Question 31

Peripheral route persuasion

Answer 31

The process by which a person does not think carefully about a communication and is influenced by superficial Cuse

Question 32

Foot in the door phenomenon

Answer 32

Tendency for people to have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request

Question 33

Door in the face technique

Answer 33

Asking for a large commitment and then being refused and then asking for a smaller commitment and getting agreement

Question 34

Cognitive dissonance

Answer 34

Sense of discomfort or distress that occurs when a persons behavior does not correspond to that person‘s attitude