Sensation And Perception (6%-8%)

Question 1

Transduction

Answer 1

The process of converting physical energy into electrical signals

Question 2

Bottom up processing

Answer 2

Build up from the smallest pieces of sensory information

Question 3

Top down processing

Answer 3

Brain applies what it knows and expects to perceive sensory information

Question 4

Absolute threshold

Answer 4

The point where you notice a stimulus is present

Question 5

Difference threshold

Answer 5

The point where you can detect the difference between stimuli

Question 6

Sensory adaptation

Answer 6

Reduced sensitivity to a stimulus after constant exposure to it

Question 7

Cocktail party effect

Answer 7

Ability to focus on a particular sound while partial filtering out other sounds

Question 8

Inattentional blindness

Answer 8

Focus on one stimulus will lead to between blind to other stimulus

Question 9

Perceptual set

Answer 9

Predisposition to perceive things in a certain way (notice certain aspects of an object/situation while ignoring other details)

Question 10

Rods

Answer 10

Responsible for vision at low light levels

Question 11

Cones

Answer 11

Vision at higher light levels and capable of color vision

Question 12

Blind spot

Answer 12

Area in eye with no receptor cells

Question 13

Opponent-process theory

Answer 13

Repeated exposure to a stimulus will cause less of an initial reaction and stronger opposing reaction

Red-green, blue-yellow, black-white

Question 14

Binocular cues

Answer 14

Depth perception using two eyes

Question 15

Monocular cues

Answer 15

Depth perception using one eye

Question 16

Perceptual organization

Answer 16

Ways that humans organize information

Question 17

Figure ground

Answer 17

Ability to differentiate an object from its background

Question 18

Grouping

Answer 18

Tendency to organize stimuli into coherent groups

Question 19

Visual cliff

Answer 19

Laboratory device for testing Depth perception in infants

Question 20

Shape and size constancies

Answer 20

We perceive the form of familiar objects as constant even while our retinas perceive changing images of them

Question 21

Sensorineural hearing loss

Answer 21

Damage in your inner ear (tiny hair cells)

Question 22

Conduction hearing loss

Answer 22

Anatomical structure in the ear block the passage of sound

Question 23

Cochlea

Answer 23

Sound waves traveling through the cochlea fluid trigger nerve impulses

Question 24

Gate control theory

Answer 24

The theory that the spinal cord contains a neurological gate that blocks pain signals or allows them to pass on to the brain

Question 25

Vestibular sense

Answer 25

Our sense of body movement and position that enables our sense of balance