social perception 2 Flashcards
what is attribution?
escribing a cause of a person’s behavior
what are the two types of attribution?
-internal or dispositional
- external or situational
what is Dispositional attribution
an internal or psychological causes specific to the person concerned
ex:traits,attitudes,moods,judgements etc
what is situational attribution?
causes outside the person concerned
ex:luck,pressure from others or external circumstances
what happens when we make fast attributions?
it lead to attributional biases
what is fundamental attribution error?
it is overestimating how much an individual’s behaviour is due to personal characteristics,attitudes or beliefs
minimizing the influence of situation on that specific behaviour
what is an example of a fundamental attribution error?
if i think Eduardo was late today because he is a very lazy person, but in reality is because his bus was late
what is Actor-Observer Effect?
the tendacy for individuals acting in a situation to attribute the causes of their behaviour to external/situational factors
but for observers to attribute the sane behaviour to internal/dispositional factors such as personality
what is an example the actor-observer effect?
me -i didn’t do well in my math test because my teacher doesn’t like me.
my teacher- she didn’t do well in her math class because she is lazy/stupid
what is the culture and cause: American and Chinese experiment
chinese and american participants read an article about a murdered carried out by either a Chinese or American person.
they were asked to weight the importance of dispositional and situational factors
it was found that Americans though it was due more to personal factors and chineses though it was more due to situational factors
how do we make attributions (kelley’s covariation matrix )?
consistency: does this person usually act this way?(in this context)
distinctiveness: is this person’s behaviour in this situation different from their behaviour in other situations?(in other context)-she would do this in other places
consensus;dp other people act similar
if we were to make an dispositional attribution,what would we expect?
High Consistency + Low distictivness+Low Consensus
what is we were yo make an external/situational ?
High Consistency + High Distinctivness+High Consesus
what about in an interactional attribution?
very specific context
High consistency+High Disticviness+Low consensual
ex: cut me of I cursed them very loudly
-high consistency(cause I would do this anytime). high disticviness(because I would do to that ex specific)low consensus because others wouldn’t do the same
