Social Interaction

Question 1

Social Statuses

Answer 1

Positions in society that are used to classify individuals. (not all personal characteristics)

Question 2

Ascribed Status, Achieved Status and Master Status

Answer 2

Involuntarily given status (usually at birth) determined by the factors surrounding your birth.
Status gained in result of one’s effort or choices
Master Status is the status that the person is most identified as (most important)

Question 3

Roles, Role Performance, Role Set

Answer 3

Sets of beliefs, values, attitudes, and norms that define expectations of those of a status.
Carrying out those roles
Various roles associated with the status

Question 4

Role Partner

Answer 4

The person who we interact with for a given role (can change within a role (nurses, patients))

Question 5

Role Conflict vs Role Strain

Answer 5

Role Conflict: When we have difficulty in satisfying requirements or expectations of multiple roles.
Role Strain: Difficulty in satisfying multiple requirements of the same role.

Question 6

Role Exit

Answer 6

Dropping an identity for another.

Question 7

Social group

Answer 7

2+ people who share any number of similar characteristics as well as some unity. (dyads, triads)

Question 8

In-Group and Out-groups

Answer 8

In-group: social group that you are a member in

Out-group: social group in which you are not.

Question 9

Group Conflict

Answer 9

When in-group and out-group compete can be either negative feelings toward out-group or favoritism for in-group.

Question 10

Peer group and Family group

Answer 10

Group of self-selected equals associated by similar traits. (friendships)
Not self-selected and determined by marriage, births.

Question 11

Reference Group

Answer 11

the group used as a standard for evaluating oneself

Question 12

Primary Group vs Secondary Group

Answer 12

Interactions between members direct and close bonds

Interactions are more impersonal and professional temporary groups to achieve a common goal.

Question 13

Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft (community and Society)

Answer 13

Community: groups unified by feelings of togetherness
Society: less personal groups for self-interest

Question 14

Interaction Process Analysis

Answer 14

Technique for observing, classifying and measuring interactions within small groups.

Question 15

System for multiple level observation of groups (SYMLOG)

Answer 15

Three fundamental dimensions of interaction: dominance vs. submission, friendliness vs unfriendliness, instrumentally controlled vs emotionally expressive

Question 16

Group Conformity and GroupThink

Answer 16

Individuals become compliant with a group even if it may contrast with their individual beliefs
Groupthink: when members focus on reaching a consensus at the cost of critical evaluation of relevant information.

Question 17

Networks and network redundancy

Answer 17

Observable pattern of social relationships among individuals or groups.
Network Redundancy: When there are overlapping connections with the same individual.

Question 18

Immediate vs Distant Networks

Answer 18

Immediate Networks: Dense with strong tie s (friends)

Distant Networks: Looser and contain weaker ties (acquaintances)

Question 19

Organization

Answer 19

Secondary groups that are set up to achieve a specific goal and characterized with structure and culture

Question 20

Formal Organization

Answer 20

Organization that maximizes efficiency and enforcement procedures to control members

Question 21

Characteristic Institution

Answer 21

Basic organization of society (family) –> bureaucracy

Question 22

Bureaucracy

Answer 22

Rational system of political organization.

1. Specialization
2. Organization Hierarchy
3. Written Rules and Organization
4. Impersonality (unbiased judgement)
5. Employment based upon technical qualifications

Question 23

Iron Law of Oligarchy

Answer 23

Democratic systems naturally shift to becoming ruled by an elite group. (higher ups more likely to influence system to favor themselves)

Question 24

McDonaldization

Answer 24

Focus in shifting toward predictability, efficiency, calculability, and control in societal practices.

Question 25

Self-Presentation

Answer 25

Process of displaying ourselves to society via verbally and visually.

Question 26

Basic model of emotional expression

Answer 26

Charles Darwin suggested that emotional expression was consistent with evolution and similar across cultures.

Question 27

Appraisal model

Answer 27

Biologically predetermined expressions once emotion is experienced but there is a different cognitive antecedent.

Question 28

Social Construction Model

Answer 28

No biological basis for emotion, based on experiences and situational contexts alone. Emotion deeply connected with social norms

Question 29

Display rules

Answer 29

Cultural expectations of emotions (when they should be expressed etc)

Question 30

Cultural Syndrome

Answer 30

Set of shared beliefs, attitudes, norms, values, and behaviors among members of the same culture organized around a theme (individualism).

Question 31

Impression Management

Answer 31

Attempts to influence how others perceive us (regulating and controlling information we present via social interactions)

Question 32

Authentic self, ideal self, and tactical self

Answer 32

Authentic self: who the person actual is
Ideal Self: Who we’d like to be ideally
Tactical self: who we market ourselves to be when society wants us to be something.

Question 33

Self-Disclosure

Answer 33

Saying who you are to other people

Question 34

Managing appearances

Answer 34

Props, appearance, and emotions to associate yourself with your positive sef

Question 35

Ingratiation

Answer 35

Using flattery to win over someone

Question 36

Aligning actions

Answer 36

Making questionable behavior acceptable with excuses

Question 37

Alter-casting

Answer 37

Imposing identity onto another person

Question 38

Dramaturgical Approach (Goffman) and the two selves

Answer 38

People are doing a theatrical performance to create and control how others view them
Front stage self: persona presented to audiences (many front stages)
Back stage self: true identity and where they get to prepare for their front stage selves.

Question 39

Me and I

Answer 39

Me is considering generalized other which is individual’s perception of what society wants of them
I is the actual impulse and wants.
Me shapes I.

Question 40

Verbal and Nonverbal Communication

Answer 40

Verbal: transmission of information using words or written language.
Nonverbal: communication without words, prosody, eye, body language etc.

Question 41

Animal Communication

Answer 41

Behavior of one animal that affects the behavior or other (within or out species) body language, speech, visual displays, pheromones