Social influence research

Question 1

Asch: Aim

Answer 1

Test majority influence in unambiguous situation (clear correct answer)

Question 2

How many pps did arch use and who were they

Answer 2

123 make students

Question 3

How many people were in each group in asch study?

Answer 3

7- 1 pp, 6 confederates

Question 4

How many were critical trials in asch study

Answer 4

12/18

Question 5

What was the overall % conformity in asch original study

Answer 5

32%

Question 6

How many conformed at least once in asch study

Answer 6

75%

Question 7

What was situational variable 1 (asch) and how did it effect conformity %

Answer 7

Task difficulty made harder- conformity increased

Question 8

What was situational variable 2 (asch) and how did it effect conformity %

Answer 8

Unanimity- one confederate gave correct answer- conformity fell to 5%

Question 9

What was situational variable 3 (asch) and how did it effect conformity %

Answer 9

Group size- one confederate- conformity fell to 3%

Question 10

What was the procedure of asch study

Answer 10

Told to say out loud which line matched length of stimulus- confederates gave wrong answers then pp was asked

Question 11

Aim of sheriffs experiment

Answer 11

Test conformity to group norms in ambiguous situation (answer unclear)

Question 12

Procedure of sheriffs study

Answer 12

Used illusion where spot of light appears to move but actually doesn’t- pps told to estimate how far it moved individually then out loud in group of 3 pps to see how estimates changed

Question 13

How many pps were in each group in sheriffs study

Answer 13

3

Question 14

What were the findings of sheriffs study

Answer 14

Estimates all varied individually but in group they became more similar as they looked for guidance from others- common group estimate

Question 15

Aim of Zimbardos Stanford prison experiment

Answer 15

Investigate conformity to social roles in simulated prison environment

Question 16

Where was Zimbardos SPE

Answer 16

Stanford university basement

Question 17

What sampling was used in Zimbardos SPE

Answer 17

Volunteer

Question 18

How many pps were used in Zimbardos SPE and who were they

Answer 18

24 male students

Question 19

Ho were Zimbardos pps tested before study

Answer 19

On mental and physical stability

Question 20

What allocation was used in Zimbardos SPE

Answer 20

Random allocation

Question 21

What was procedure of Zimbardos SPE

Answer 21

*Randomly allocated role of prisoner or guard
*Prisoners strip searched, deli used and arrested from homes
*prisoners given number and guards given reflective glasses/uniform for deindividuation

Question 22

Findings of Zimbardos SPE

Answer 22

• cut short after 6/14 days
• prisoners rebelled after 2 days for guards harsh treatment
  *guards abusive towards prisoners- verbally and physically
  *5 prisoners released due to anxiety/extreme reactions
  *prisoners became more passive
• zimbardo as superintendent

Question 23

Aim of milgrams obedience study

Answer 23

Test obedience to authority figure even when harming someone

Question 24

How many pps were used in milgrams obedience study and who were they

Answer 24

40 American male volunteers

Question 25

Who was on each group in milgrams study

Answer 25

Participant as teacher, actor as experimenter wearing lab coat and confederate as learner

Question 26

What was procedure in milgrams obedience study

Answer 26

Pps drew fixed straw and assigned role of teacher
Told to administer shocks every time learner got question wrong
If they wanted to stop 4 verbal prods were used to make them continue e.g. the experiment requires you to continue

Question 27

What was the max Voltage and increment size

Answer 27

450V up in 15V increments

Question 28

How many people continued to 300V (milgrams)

Answer 28

100%

Question 29

How many refused to continue to 450V (milgrams)

Answer 29

35%

Question 30

How many variations of milgrams study were there

Answer 30

18

Question 31

What was milgrams variation 1 and effect on % of obedience

Answer 31

Location in rundown offices- fell to 47.5%

Question 32

What was milgrams variation 2 and effect on % of obedience

Answer 32

Proximity to learner- touch proximity - fell to 30%

Question 33

What was milgrams variation 3 and effect on % of obedience

Answer 33

Proximity to authority figure- orders over phone- fell to 20.5%

Question 34

What was milgrams variation 4 and effect on % of obedience

Answer 34

Social support- 2 confederates also as teachers refused to go past 300V- fell to 10%

Question 35

Aim of bickmans study

Answer 35

Investigate power of uniform in obedience

Question 36

What type of experiment was bickmans

Answer 36

Field

Question 37

What were the outfits of the male actors in bickmans

Answer 37

Milkman
Guard
Pedestrian

Question 38

What was the procedure of bickmans study

Answer 38

Actor gave orders to person on street e.g pick up a bad- observed how many people obeyed them

Question 39

What % pps obeyed in each condition of bickmans study

Answer 39

Guard- 76%
Milkman- 46%
Pedestrian-30%