Social influence

Question 1

Define conformity

Answer 1

Consciously / unconsciously adjusting our behaviour to align with behaviour of others in a group

Question 2

Define normative social influence

Answer 2

Conforming to be accepted by a group

Question 3

Define informational social influence

Answer 3

Conforming to gain knowledge / be right

Question 4

Define compliance

Answer 4

Agree in public not private only temporarily

Question 5

Define identification

Answer 5

Taking on groups views but private beliefs not necessarily changed

Question 6

Define internalisation

Answer 6

Behaving or agreeing same as group more longlastingly

Question 7

What is a confederate

Answer 7

Actor in research

Question 8

What is a social role

Answer 8

How we conform to others based on the role you have

Question 9

What is obedience

Answer 9

Going along with someone’s order because they have high authority.

Question 10

What year did Asch do his research

Answer 10

1951

Question 11

What was asch study

Answer 11

Judging conformity by looking at line lengths

Question 12

What percentage of trials did aschs naïve participants conform on

Answer 12

36.8%

Question 13

What percentage of aschs participants never conformed

Answer 13

25%

Question 14

What were aschs 3 variations

Answer 14

• group size
• having a dissenter
• task difficulty

Question 15

What is a dissenter

Answer 15

Confederate that gives the right answer

Question 16

How can you evaluate aschs study

Answer 16

*artificial stimuli
*only American men (123)
*demand characteristics
*ethical issues

Question 17

What year did zimbardo do the SPE

Answer 17

1973

Question 18

What did zimbardos SPE look at

Answer 18

Conformity to social roles

Question 19

What did zimbardo find

Answer 19

• guards more violent
• prisoners depressed and anxious

Question 20

How can you evaluate zimbardos research

Answer 20

*had control and randomly allocated
*participents played to roles so lacks realism
*exaggerated - only 1/3 guards were brutal
*ethics

Question 21

What year did milgram do his study

Answer 21

1963

Question 22

what did milgram do in his baseline study

Answer 22

false electric shocks to learners in response to incorrect answers to questions from “experimenter”

Question 23

what did milgram find in his baseline study

Answer 23

• 450V 65%
• 300V 100%
• anxiety

Question 24

evaluate milgrams research

Answer 24

*french tv show found 80% gave max shock
(repeatable)
*low internal validity (realised fake)
*ethical issues

Question 25

what are milgrams 3 situational variables

Answer 25

*proximity *uniform *location

Question 26

how did milgram look at proximity

Answer 26

*obedience 40% when in same room *30% when put hand on shocker *lower when instruction through phone call

Question 27

how did milgram look at location

Answer 27

* high obedience in university *47.5% in run down office building

Question 28

how did milgram look at uniform

Answer 28

*20% when experimenter was member of public *higher when in lab coat

Question 29

what is agentic state

Answer 29

denying personal responsibility for our actions

Question 30

what is autonomous state

Answer 30

taking responsibility for yourself and your actions

Question 31

what is agentic shift

Answer 31

moving from the autonomous state to the agentic state

Question 32

what is moral strain

Answer 32

having to do something we see as immoral to function as an authority figure

Question 33

what are binding factors

Answer 33

Parts of a situation that allow someone to make the effects of their behaviour seem less bad

Question 34

what is legitimacy of authority

Answer 34

explanation of obedience, more likely to obey people we think have authority over us

Question 35

what 3 factors did kelman and hamilton say explain obedience

Answer 35

*legitimacy of the system *legitimacy of authority in the system *legitimacy of orders given

Question 36

what is destructive authority

Answer 36

powerful leaders using legitimate authority for destructive purposes (e.g. hitler)

Question 37

what is the dispositional explanation

Answer 37

any explanation of behaviour that highlights importance of personality

Question 38

what year did adorno et al do their research

Answer 38

1950

Question 39

what was adornos research

Answer 39

Faciest scale

Question 40

what is an authoritarian personality

Answer 40

personality type more susceptible to obeying those in authority

Question 41

characteristics of authoritarian personality

Answer 41

*conventional attitudes (sex, race

Question 42

where does an authoritarian personality come from

Answer 42

*childhood *harsh parenting *conditions on love * high standards + criticism *displaced anger

Question 43

evaluate anordos research

Answer 43

*research support *limited explanations *political bias - only on white american men who more likley to have these ideas

Question 44

what is locus of control

Answer 44

persons perception of personal control over their own behaviour

Question 45

what is resistance to social influence

Answer 45

ability to withstand social pressures to conform from the majority or obey authority

Question 46

what is social support

Answer 46

presence of people who resist pressures to conform or obey can help others do same

Question 47

what is internal locus of control

Answer 47

believe life is determined by own decisions and effort

Question 48

what is external locus of control

Answer 48

believe life is determined by fate, luck or external factors

Question 49

what is minority influence

Answer 49

minority rejects norms of majority and persuade them to move to the position of the minority

Question 50

stages of minority influence

Answer 50

* consistency (synchronic and diachronic) * commitment * flexibility / compramise

Question 51

what is synchronic consistency

Answer 51

minority all say the same thing

Question 52

what is diachronic consistency

Answer 52

minority all said the same thing for a long time

Question 53

what year did nemeth do his research

Answer 53

1986

Question 54

what did nemeth do

Answer 54

mock jury with 3 naïve and 1 confederate deciding on compensation for ski lift accident victim

Question 55

what did nemeth find

Answer 55

when confederate gave unreasonably low amount and wouldn't change majority stuck with higher amount but when confederate changed a bit so did majority

Question 56

what year did moscovici do his research

Answer 56

1969

Question 57

what was moscovicis research

Answer 57

"blue slide green slide" study

Question 58

moscovicis prodecure

Answer 58

shown 36 slides with different blue shades and groups had to call them out (4 pps 2 confed) *in part 1 2 confeds said green consistently * part 2 answered green 24 times and blue 12

Question 59

what did moscovici find

Answer 59

* 1.25% answered green when inconsistent * 8.42% said green when consistent

Question 60

What is social change

Answer 60

Changes in society as we adopt new norms

Question 61

What are the 4 conditions necessary for social change

Answer 61

* attention to issue * create conflict * consistency * argumentation principle

Question 62

What is gradual commitment

Answer 62

Agreeing to do one small instruction so harder to say no to bigger instructions