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Psychology > Social influence > Flashcards

Social influence Flashcards

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1
Q

Define conformity

A

Consciously / unconsciously adjusting our behaviour to align with behaviour of others in a group

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2
Q

Define normative social influence

A

Conforming to be accepted by a group

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3
Q

Define informational social influence

A

Conforming to gain knowledge / be right

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4
Q

Define compliance

A

Agree in public not private only temporarily

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5
Q

Define identification

A

Taking on groups views but private beliefs not necessarily changed

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6
Q

Define internalisation

A

Behaving or agreeing same as group more longlastingly

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7
Q

What is a confederate

A

Actor in research

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8
Q

What is a social role

A

How we conform to others based on the role you have

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9
Q

What is obedience

A

Going along with someone’s order because they have high authority.

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10
Q

What year did Asch do his research

A

1951

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11
Q

What was asch study

A

Judging conformity by looking at line lengths

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12
Q

What percentage of trials did aschs naïve participants conform on

A

36.8%

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13
Q

What percentage of aschs participants never conformed

A

25%

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14
Q

What were aschs 3 variations

A
  • group size
  • having a dissenter
  • task difficulty
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15
Q

What is a dissenter

A

Confederate that gives the right answer

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16
Q

How can you evaluate aschs study

A

*artificial stimuli
*only American men (123)
*demand characteristics
*ethical issues

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17
Q

What year did zimbardo do the SPE

A

1973

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18
Q

What did zimbardos SPE look at

A

Conformity to social roles

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19
Q

What did zimbardo find

A
  • guards more violent
  • prisoners depressed and anxious
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20
Q

How can you evaluate zimbardos research

A

*had control and randomly allocated
*participents played to roles so lacks realism
*exaggerated - only 1/3 guards were brutal
*ethics

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21
Q

What year did milgram do his study

A

1963

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22
Q

what did milgram do in his baseline study

A

false electric shocks to learners in response to incorrect answers to questions from “experimenter”

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23
Q

what did milgram find in his baseline study

A
  • 450V 65%
  • 300V 100%
  • anxiety
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24
Q

evaluate milgrams research

A

*french tv show found 80% gave max shock
(repeatable)
*low internal validity (realised fake)
*ethical issues

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25
Q

what are milgrams 3 situational variables

A

*proximity
*uniform
*location

26
Q

how did milgram look at proximity

A

*obedience 40% when in same room
*30% when put hand on shocker
*lower when instruction through phone call

27
Q

how did milgram look at location

A
  • high obedience in university
    *47.5% in run down office building
28
Q

how did milgram look at uniform

A

*20% when experimenter was member of public
*higher when in lab coat

29
Q

what is agentic state

A

denying personal responsibility for our actions

30
Q

what is autonomous state

A

taking responsibility for yourself and your actions

31
Q

what is agentic shift

A

moving from the autonomous state to the agentic state

32
Q

what is moral strain

A

having to do something we see as immoral to function as an authority figure

33
Q

what are binding factors

A

Parts of a situation that allow someone to make the effects of their behaviour seem less bad

34
Q

what is legitimacy of authority

A

explanation of obedience, more likely to obey people we think have authority over us

35
Q

what 3 factors did kelman and hamilton say explain obedience

A

*legitimacy of the system
*legitimacy of authority in the system
*legitimacy of orders given

36
Q

what is destructive authority

A

powerful leaders using legitimate authority for destructive purposes (e.g. hitler)

37
Q

what is the dispositional explanation

A

any explanation of behaviour that highlights importance of personality

38
Q

what year did adorno et al do their research

A

1950

39
Q

what was adornos research

A

Faciest scale

40
Q

what is an authoritarian personality

A

personality type more susceptible to obeying those in authority

41
Q

characteristics of authoritarian personality

A

*conventional attitudes (sex, race<gender etc)
*need strong leaders in society
*only right and wrong
*inflexible in way think

42
Q

where does an authoritarian personality come from

A

*childhood
*harsh parenting
*conditions on love
* high standards + criticism
*displaced anger

43
Q

evaluate anordos research

A

*research support
*limited explanations
*political bias - only on white american men who more likley to have these ideas

44
Q

what is locus of control

A

persons perception of personal control over their own behaviour

45
Q

what is resistance to social influence

A

ability to withstand social pressures to conform from the majority or obey authority

46
Q

what is social support

A

presence of people who resist pressures to conform or obey can help others do same

47
Q

what is internal locus of control

A

believe life is determined by own decisions and effort

48
Q

what is external locus of control

A

believe life is determined by fate, luck or external factors

49
Q

what is minority influence

A

minority rejects norms of majority and persuade them to move to the position of the minority

50
Q

stages of minority influence

A
  • consistency (synchronic and diachronic)
  • commitment
  • flexibility / compramise
51
Q

what is synchronic consistency

A

minority all say the same thing

52
Q

what is diachronic consistency

A

minority all said the same thing for a long time

53
Q

what year did nemeth do his research

A

1986

54
Q

what did nemeth do

A

mock jury with 3 naïve and 1 confederate deciding on compensation for ski lift accident victim

55
Q

what did nemeth find

A

when confederate gave unreasonably low amount and wouldn’t change majority stuck with higher amount but when confederate changed a bit so did majority

56
Q

what year did moscovici do his research

A

1969

57
Q

what was moscovicis research

A

“blue slide green slide” study

58
Q

moscovicis prodecure

A

shown 36 slides with different blue shades and groups had to call them out (4 pps 2 confed)
*in part 1 2 confeds said green consistently
* part 2 answered green 24 times and blue 12

59
Q

what did moscovici find

A
  • 1.25% answered green when inconsistent
  • 8.42% said green when consistent
60
Q

What is social change

A

Changes in society as we adopt new norms

61
Q

What are the 4 conditions necessary for social change

A
  • attention to issue
  • create conflict
  • consistency
  • argumentation principle
62
Q

What is gradual commitment

A

Agreeing to do one small instruction so harder to say no to bigger instructions

Psychology (10 decks)

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