Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychology > Research Methods Year 1 > Flashcards

Research Methods Year 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

what is an experimental method

A

manipulation of IV to measure effect on DV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is an aim

A

statement of what intend to investigate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is a hypothosis

A

clear, testable statement that you test throughout the research

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is a non-directional hypothosis

A

doesnt state direction, just what will happen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is a directional hypothosis

A

states direction of the difference/relationship

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is a variable

A

anything that can change within an investigation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is an independent variable

A

what we change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is a dependent variable

A

what we measure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is an extraneous variable

A

any variable other than IV that may affect DV if arnt controlled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is a demand characterisitc

A

anything the investigator does that may reveal purpose of investigation, encouraging ptps to act certain way

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

define investigator effect

A

any effect of investigators behaviour on DV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

define randomisation

A

use of chance methods to reduce bias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

define standardisation

A

use exact same procedure and instructions for all ptps in study

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is experimental design

A

ways ptps organised in relation to experimental conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is independent group design

A

ptps allocated different groups, each group represents one condition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is repeated measure

A

all ptps take part in all conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is matched pairs design

A

pairs of ptps matched on variables that may affect DV, then one member of pair assigned to condition A, other condition B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is random allocation

A

attempt to control for particular variables in an independent group design, ensuring each ptp has same chance for being in all conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is counterbalancing

A

half ptps have conditions in one order, other half in opposite order

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is a lab experiment

A

controlled environment where IV manipulated and record effects on DV, strict control on EV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is a field experiment

A

in natural setting where IV manipulated, records effect on DV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is a natural experiment

A

change in IV not brought about by researcher, but naturally occuring. records effect on DV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is a quasi experiment

A

IV not determined, variables simply exist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

define population

A

group researcher is interested in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

define sample

A

smaller percentage from population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

define sampling technique

A

method of selecting sample from population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

define bias

A

certain groups over or under represented in a sample

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

define generalisation

A

extent to which findings can be applied to whole population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

define ethical issues

A

conflict between ptps rights and goal of the research

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what is a pilot study

A

small scale version of investigation to check procedures, materials, measuring scales etc to make any changes

31
Q

what is a naturalistic observation

A

watch and record behaviour in setting it normally occurs

32
Q

what is a controlled observation

A

watch and record behaviour in structured environment

33
Q

what is a covert observation

A

ptps behaviour watched and recorded without their knowledge

34
Q

what is overt observation

A

ptps behaviour watched and recorded with their knowledge

35
Q

what is participant observation

A

researcher becomes member of group their watching

36
Q

what is non-participant observation

A

researcher remains outside group when observing

37
Q

what are behavioural catagories

A

target behaviour broken up into observable and measurable components

38
Q

what is event sampling

A

target behaviour/event established then record every time happens

39
Q

what is time sampling

A

target individual or group established, researcher records behaviour in fixed time

40
Q

what are self report techniques

A

person has to state/explain own ideas experiences etc

41
Q

what is a questionnaire

A

set of questions to asses thoughts/experiences

42
Q

what is an interview

A

one person asks questions, other answers

43
Q

what are the different types of interviews

A
  • structured or unstructured
  • open or closed
  • face to face
  • telephone
44
Q

what is an open question

A

no fixed choice or response, answer how wish

45
Q

what is a closed question

A

fixed choice of answers

46
Q

what is a correlation

A

assses association between 2 variables

47
Q

what is a co-variable

A

variables investigated within a correlation

48
Q

what is a positive correlation

A

as one co-variable increases so does another

49
Q

what is a negative correlation

A

as one co-variable increases the other decreases

50
Q

what is a zero correlation

A

no relationship between covariables

51
Q

what is meta analysis

A

combining findings of numerous studies on a particular topic to produce overall statistical conclusion

52
Q

what is descriptive statistics

A

use of graphs, tables and summary statistics to identify trends and analyse sets of data

53
Q

what are measures of central tendency

A

any measure of the average value in data set

54
Q

what is mean

A

add all values and divide by how many to get average

55
Q

what is median

A

middle value

56
Q

what is mode

A

most common value

57
Q

what is a scattergram

A

graph that represents strength and direction of relationship between co-variables in a correlation analysis

58
Q

what is a bar chart

A

graph where frequency of each variable is represented by height of bar

59
Q

what is a histogram

A

graph showing frequency through the area of bar

60
Q

what is statistical testing

A

way of determining if hypotheses should be accepted or rejected, find out if difference/relationship between variables significant or chance

61
Q

what is sign test

A

statistical test analysing different scores between related items

62
Q

what is peer review

A

assessment of scientific work by field specialists to ensure research of high quality before published

63
Q

What is a single blind design

A

Pros unaware of researchers aim

64
Q

What is deception

A

Not revealing/ lying about study’s aim

65
Q

What 5 ethics must a study have

A
  • deception
  • withdrawal
  • consent
  • protection from harm
  • privacy
66
Q

What is the indirect investigator effect

A

Cues from investigator that encourages curtain behaviour

67
Q

What is the indirect investigator effect

A

Cues from investigator that encourages curtain behaviour

68
Q

What is a double blind trial

A

Ptps and conductor unaware of aims and hypothesis

69
Q

Pro of independent group studies

A

Harder to guess aim as ptps not redoing study

70
Q

Con of independent group study

A

Expensive as need high recruitment

71
Q

Pro of repeated measure study’s

A

Cheap and quick

72
Q

Con of repeated measure

A

May work out study’s aim

73
Q

Pro of matched pair study

A

Order effects minimised

74
Q

Con of matched pairs

A

Time consuming and complex to organise

Psychology (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions