Social Inequality

Question 1

social inequality

Answer 1

• unequal access to the culturally valued resources of wealth, power and prestige
• people are distinguished through these resources people have
• they control over others or are controlled through this resources

Question 2

egalitarian societies

Answer 2

Forgers are egalitarian, because there are few possessions, and little specialization, lack of organizational, cooperative everybody needs each other so everyone is equally valued

Question 3

theory of foregoers

Answer 3

no private property there is no state no class and therefore no inequality, by Marx and Engels

Question 4

ranked societies

Answer 4

Horticultural societies, surplus gives rise to resources and privileges
divided into hierarchical structure, organized hierarchy leads to division of labour

Question 5

stratified societies

Answer 5

societies are divided into horizontal layers of equality and inequality, more people at the bottom than at the top, this exists only in complex large societies

Question 6

characteristics of stratified societies

Answer 6

• control wealth and power in the hands of the few
• status and rewards are heritable
• social mobility is limited

Question 7

class

Answer 7

a ranked group within a stratified society characterised by achieved status and considerable social mobility

Question 8

achieved status

Answer 8

position grained on merit or achievement

Question 9

ascribed status

Answer 9

position based on who you are not what you do, family background, race, sex, place of birth

Question 10

plato’s classes

Answer 10

2 class: rich or power

Question 11

Aristotle’s classes

Answer 11

3 classes: upper class, servile lower class, worthy middle class (moral classes)

Question 12

Romans

Answer 12

Assidui (richest) Proletrii (owned only children)

Question 13

Marx’s idea of class

Answer 13

Bourgeoise (own land and machinery) and Proletariat (those who sell their labour)

Question 14

Max Weber 3 dimensions of class and definition of class

Answer 14

class is a group of people with similar “life chances” property, prestige, and power

Question 15

verbal evaluation

Answer 15

singling out or speaking favourably or unfavourably about a group of people and their political, economic, other qualities

Question 16

patterns of association

Answer 16

informatl friendly relations, taplce mainly within one’s own class

Question 17

other characteristics of defining class

Answer 17

wealth, dress, forms or recreation, residential location, material possessions

Question 18

patterns of association

Answer 18

you make friends within you own class

Question 19

greek class distinction

Answer 19

slaves were not allowed to wear shoes

Question 20

sumptuary laws

Answer 20

• codes and ethics on who could dress how in society, they way they dressed showed what class they were from, laws placed by King Henry 4

Question 21

Pierre Bourdieu

Answer 21

wrote ‘cultural capital’ concluded that lower classes focused on survival/necessity not luxury

Question 22

Occupy Movement sept 2011

Answer 22

movement in Canada that grew out of dissatisfaction of wealth disparity

Question 23

Poverty line

Answer 23

the condition in a given society in which people lack the income required to access the necessities of life

Question 24

homeless

Answer 24

a situation in which an individual or family lack permanent stable housing

Question 25

status symbols

Answer 25

cultural items that convey a person’s status

Question 26

caste systems

Answer 26

stratification system where cultural or racial differences are used as basis for ascribing status
born into cast- rigid system
ranked by purity and pollution

Question 27

4 varnas

Answer 27

Brahmin (priests) (rewarded with honour), Khastriya (warriors) (rewarded with power), Vaishya (commoners, traders, farmers etc) (rewarded with wealth), Suhra (servants, manual labours- rewarded with freedom from responsibility)

Question 28

strata

Answer 28

layers within a stratified society

Question 29

stratification systems vary by

Answer 29

• size of strata
• agreement about order of the system
• number of groups in the strata
• amount of social mobility

Question 30

what are Pierre Bordieu’s cultural assets

Answer 30

• dress, tastes, speech, body language, information

Question 31

social reproduction

Answer 31

classes tend to reproduce themselves culturally

Question 32

Pollution regulations among stratas

Answer 32

each rank has rules on regulations on how they must keep pure and avoid pollution, and this regulates how they interact with one another

Question 33

how people are placed in a varna

Answer 33

it is a reward or punishment based on what the person did in their past life

Question 34

Hypergamy

Answer 34

a large dowry that will permit a woman of low class marry into a higher class

Question 35

Other forms of Hypergamy

Answer 35

name changing, converting to a religion, moving locations, false genealogies

Question 36

changes in caste in modern world

Answer 36

• caste systems are not as pertinent
• Caste system was abolished by indian government
• caste free rolls emerging (teachers, bureaucrats etc has made castes less important)

Question 37

one-drop rule

Answer 37

US rule during segregation, if person had any black relative they were also considered black

Question 38

hypodescent

Answer 38

assigning a mixed-race person to lower of the two races that they are a mix of

Question 39

ethnicity

Answer 39

linguistic and cultural heritage someone identifies with

Question 40

structural racism

Answer 40

the institutions and systems of society are structured in a way to discriminate and disadvantage a certain race

Question 41

Samuel Morton

Answer 41

concluded that Africans had the smallest brain capacity while Europeans had they highest

Question 42

racism vs discrimination

Answer 42

racism is discrimination based on race, discrimination is being treated different based on other factors like age sex etc