Social facilitation/inhibition

Question 1

What effect does arousal have on performance?

Answer 1

Positive - Autonomous (correct DR)

Negative - Cognitive (incorrect DR)

Question 2

What effect does the company of others have on performers?

Answer 2

An increase in arousal levels

Question 3

What 4 factors determine the effect of arousal on performance?

Answer 3

Personality
Type of task
Experience
Stage of learning

Question 4

When is it social facilitation?

Answer 4

Increased arousal caused by the presence of an audience
AND
Positive performance

Question 5

When is it social inhibition?

Answer 5

Increased arousal caused by the presence of an audience
AND
Negative performance

Question 6

Cottrell believed increased arousal only occurs when the performer believes they are being judged, what does this lead to?

Answer 6

Increased anxiety
Self-doubt
Choking
Poor concentration
Determination to try harder

Question 7

What is drive theory of social facilitation?

Answer 7

Presence of others increases arousal producing dominant response
Benefits autonomous, inhibits cognitive

Question 8

What is evaluation apprehension?

Answer 8

Presence of others not sufficiently arousing to benefit performance.
When performer perceives they are being judged or assessed negative effect on performance.

Question 9

What is the home advantage effect?

Answer 9

Home crowds provide home team with an advantage (familiar situation so facilitating effect)
Larger the audience,greater the effect

Question 10

What is the proximity effect?

Answer 10

The closer the audience the greater the facilitation or inhibiting effect

Question 11

What is distraction - conflict theory?

Answer 11

Attention can only be given to a limited number of cues.
Spectators demand the same attention as the sports situation.
Simple tasks are performed best in front of an audience and more complex skills are impaired.

Question 12

What are co-actors?

Answer 12

Non-threatening fellow performers

Question 13

What are co-active competitors?

Answer 13

Interactive others (opposition)

Question 14

What are the 6 strategies to combat the effects of social inhibition?

Answer 14

Selective attention
Mental rehearsal
Positive self-talk
Practice in front of an audience
Over-learn skills
Positive reinforcement/social support

Question 15

What is an example of selective attention as a strategy to combat social inhibition?

Answer 15

Don’t focus on crowds

Cue utilisation

Question 16

What is an example of mental rehearsal as a strategy to combat social inhibition?

Answer 16

Imagine doing skill correctly so focused on skill

Question 17

What is an example of positive self talk as a strategy to combat social inhibition?

Answer 17

Convincing self that able to perform in front of people

Question 18

What is an example of positive reinforcement/social support as a strategy to combat social inhibition?

Answer 18

Rewards and praise for correct behaviour

Question 19

Why does over learning a skill help combat social inhibition?

Answer 19

Dominant response is correct

Question 20

Why does practicing in front of an audience help combat social inhibition?

Answer 20

More experienced so can cope with higher levels of arousal