Self-efficacy

Question 1

Definition of sports confidence

Answer 1

The belief or degree of certainty an individual possesses about their ability to be successful in sport

Question 2

What 3 things can sports confidence impact?

Answer 2

Performance
Participation
Self-esteem

Question 3

What can the positive impact of sports confidence be on performance?

Answer 3

Increased quality of performance due to increased participation and persistence
More motivated to achieve
Firmer decision making leading to positive outcomes

Question 4

What can the positive impact of sports confidence be on participation?

Answer 4

Increased expectation of success and therefore more enjoyment and motivation
Lack of inhibition around others
More able to engage in team activities

Question 5

What can the positive impact of sports confidence be on self esteem?

Answer 5

Increased self-esteem due to experiencing success
Reduced anxiety
Optimistic outlook
Few interpersonal problem
Better body image
Less dysfunctional behaviours

Question 6

Definition of self esteem?

Answer 6

The feeling of self-worth that determines how valuable and competent we feel.

Question 7

What can the negative impact of sports confidence be on performance?

Answer 7

Decreased quality of performance leading to leaned helplessness

Question 8

What can the negative impact of sports confidence be on participation?

Answer 8

Shying away from activities

Avoiding competition

Question 9

What can the negative impact of sports confidence be on self esteem?

Answer 9

Increased risk of depression
Increased risk of eating disorders
Exhibit dysfunctional behaviour
Non-participation in sport 
Become bullies or bullied

Question 10

What does Vealey’s model explain?

Answer 10

The level of confidence a performer feels as they approach a sports performance
The effects of their evaluation of the outcome on future performance
Investigates the relationship between competitiveness and self confidence in sport

Question 11

Definition of trait sports confidence?

Answer 11

An individual’s innate, natural belief in their general sporting ability

Question 12

Definition of competitive orientation?

Answer 12

How prepared an individual is to compete, and the types of goal that they have set (performance or product goals)

Question 13

What 2 behaviours can be shown in due to competitive orientation?

Answer 13

Approach/avoidance behaviour

Question 14

Definition of objective sports situation?

Answer 14

The nature of the task that is to be performed

Normally an individual skill

Question 15

Definition of state sports confidence?

Answer 15

An individual’s unstable/changeable belief in their ability to be successful at a particular time.

Question 16

What affects state sports confidence?

Answer 16

Trait sports confidence, objective sports situation and competitiveness

Question 17

Definition of subjective perceptions of outcome?

Answer 17

The extent to which a performer believes their performance was successful

Question 18

What is state sports confidence dependent on?

Answer 18

Pre-existing level of trait sports confidence
Nature of the task (objective sports situation)
Competitive orientation

Question 19

What order do you talk about Vealey’s model of sports confidence?

Answer 19

Trait sports confidence before (high/low)
Competitive orientation before (approach/avoidance)
Objective sports situation (taking a penalty)
State sports confidence (high/low)
What happens (score/miss)
Subjective perceptions of outcome (success/failure)
Trait sports confidence after (higher/lower)
Competitive orientation after (approach/avoidance)

Question 20

What are the strategies to improve state sports confidence?

Answer 20

Social reinforcement (praise/reward)
Physical/metal preparation
Styling (copy behaviour of successful athlete)
Mastery of skill (over-learning)
Environmental comfort (perform skill in familiar surroundings)
Effective leadership (rewarding/social support leader)

Question 21

Definition of self efficacy?

Answer 21

Situation specific confidence. It is unstable.

Question 22

What 4 factors affect self efficacy?

Answer 22

Performance accomplishments
Vicarious experience
Verbal persuasion
Physiological and emotional states

Question 23

How does performance accomplishments affect self efficacy?

Answer 23

If a performer is reminded of previous mastery of tasks, self efficacy increases.

Question 24

How does vicarious experience affect self efficacy?

Answer 24

If a performer is shown an accurate demonstration, self-efficacy increases

Question 25

What is vicarious experience?

Answer 25

Watching others of equal ability succeeding at the task

Question 26

What is verbal persuasion?

Answer 26

Being convinced that they have the ability to be successful at the task

Question 27

What is physiological/emotional states?

Answer 27

The performer’s perception of their psychological and physiological state

Question 28

How does verbal persuasion affect self efficacy?

Answer 28

Positive talk from a coach increases self efficacy. Experienced performers can use positive self talk to persuade themselves.

Question 29

How does physiological/emotional states affect self efficacy?

Answer 29

If a performer can view their heightened arousal as readiness for performance, self efficacy increases

Question 30

If performance accomplishments, vicarious experience, verbal persuasion and physiological/emotional states are improved what happens?

Answer 30

Self efficacy expectation increase which improves athletic performance