Social Change

Question 1

The theory that people form crowds because they want to act in a specific way; opposite of contagion theory, which says crowds actually cause the behavior

Answer 1

Convergence theory

Question 2

Both sociology and anthropology study society, but anthropology specifically focuses on change over time

Answer 2

Relationship between sociology and anthropology

Question 3

1830-1890

Answer 3

Time period of America’s Industrial Revolution

Question 4

(Births - Deaths) + (Immigrants - Emigrants)

Answer 4

Calculation for Population Growth Rate

Question 5

A type of migration when a person leaves the country of their birth to settle in a different country.

Answer 5

Emigration

Question 6

Field of social science which studies the causes and effects of population changes

Answer 6

Demography

Question 7

A crowd of people that is easily convinced to use violence or aggression in their solution to a problem

Answer 7

Mob

Question 8

Moving from general ease to well-define discontent, including a better understanding of who/what is causing the discontent; plans are developed and implemented

Answer 8

Coalescence Stage 2 of a social movement

Question 9

When big groups of people settle in small, concentrated areas, creating cities

Answer 9

Urbanization

Question 10

Social movements that want to cause radical change by replacing the existing social order

Answer 10

Revolutionary social movements

Question 11

Paid members replace volunteers, a clear chain of command and authority develops, and additional fundraising occurs; can also include a loss of focus or money

Answer 11

Bureaucratization Stage 3 of a social movement

Question 12

Available jobs in new industries; higher wages for industrial labor than agriculture; new inventions like the typewriter and light bulb; religious persecution; cheap farmland

Answer 12

Factors that contributed to the Industrial Revolutions in the US and England

Question 13

Casual - loose & spontaneous

Conventional - deliberate planning with defined norms

Expressive - formed around a specific, emotional, event

Acting - enthusiastic & involved with achieving a goal

Answer 13

4 types of crowds

Question 14

Information that has not been verified and is informally passed between people

Answer 14

Rumor

Question 15

The movement begins to ebb and come to an end, for many possible different reasons

Answer 15

Decline Stage 4 of a social movement

Question 16

Emergent Norm

Answer 16

Contagion Theory + Convergence Theory = _____ Theory

Question 17

1. Emergence
2. Coalescence
3. Bureaucratization
4. Decline

Answer 17

4 Stages of social movements

Question 18

A type of social movement that looks to change only some specific attributes of a society, not the entirety of how society functions

Answer 18

Reformative Social Movement

Question 19

An occurrence when multiple people suffer from the same kinds of symptoms of hysteria.

Answer 19

Mass hysteria

Question 20

Preliminary stage with almost no organization; potential members of the movement are unhappy but haven’t yet acted

Answer 20

Emergence Stage 1 of a social movement

Question 21

A type of social movement that looks to affect total personal transformation; often religious in nature

Answer 21

Redemptive Social Movement

Question 22

Robert K. Merton’s theory to explain deviance; states that crime is an expected response to the inability to obtain economic success in American society

Answer 22

Structure Strain Theory

Question 23

A society that forms because of a mutual goal

Answer 23

Gesellshaft

Question 24

Destructive consequences humans have on the natural environment

Answer 24

Environmental issues

Question 25

Theory that states the behavior of a specific crowd has special social norms which are created by the members of that crowd

Answer 25

Emergent Norm Theory