Institutions of Sociology

Question 1

The second stage of traditional family life, during which couples legally unite in order to begin a family.

Answer 1

The marriage stage of traditional family life

Question 2

Refers to objects or experiences which are holy in nature.

Answer 2

Sacred

Question 3

A system of family lineage which traces descent through only the maternal side of the family.

Answer 3

Matrilineal descent

Question 4

A post-marital living arrangement located with or near the female’s side of the family.

Answer 4

Matrilocality

Question 5

A family lineage system which traces descent through only the paternal side of the family.

Answer 5

Patrilineal descent

Question 6

The fourth largest religion in the world, and an example of a nontheistic religion.

Answer 6

Buddhism

Question 7

A pseudo-religious loyalty which binds individuals in secular fashion. It exemplifies the impact of religion on non-religious aspects of society.

Answer 7

Civil religion

Question 8

Diseases characterized by dangerously unhealthy eating tendencies, the most common of which include anorexia nervosa and bulimia. Many times more prevalent in women than men.

Answer 8

Eating disorders

Question 9

Describes a couple that lives with or near the male’s family following marriage.

Answer 9

Patrilocality

Question 10

In Western societies, this is a type of family which consists of a pair of adults and their children.

Answer 10

Nuclear family

Question 11

Refers to a function which is clear, obvious, and intended.

Answer 11

Manifest function

Question 12

A form of public health insurance in the United States. It distributes tax dollars to the elderly and disabled.

Answer 12

Medicaid

Question 13

A disbelief in the existence of any god or deity.

Answer 13

Atheism

Question 14

An organization which arranges and provides full medical care to subscribers, in exchange for for a fixed cost. In certain cases, it also requires referrals from healthcare professionals.

Answer 14

Health Maintenance Organization

Question 15

Marriage which consists of more than two partners. It is considered a form of non-traditional family or household.

Answer 15

Polygamy

Question 16

The traditional familial pattern, as studied by sociologists, which includes the stages of courtship, marriage, child rearing, and aging.

Answer 16

Four basic stages of traditional family life

Question 17

Refers to the steady increase in credential requirements in the labor market, especially in higher-income nations.

Answer 17

Creeping credentialism

Question 18

A neutral post-marital living arrangement, located closest to neither side of the marriage.

Answer 18

Neolocality

Question 19

In Western societies, this type of family consists of two or more nuclear families that are related.

Answer 19

Extended family

Question 20

Refers to a function which is generally not explicit or intended.

Answer 20

Latent function

Question 21

The perspective which posits that the existence of a deity is unknown and unknowable. They are not concerned with proving the existence of God, as they believe this to be an impossible feat.

Answer 21

Agnosticism

Question 22

Refers to an object or an experience which is ordinary, and not holy or sacred in nature.

Answer 22

Profane

Question 23

Refers to religions that do not emphasize a belief in any particular deity or deities, including Hinduism, Buddhism, and Confucianism.

Answer 23

Nontheistic religions

Question 24

A family lineage system which traces descent through both the maternal and paternal sides of the family.

Answer 24

Bilateral Descent

Question 25

The perspective that one or more deities exist. It is at the core of most religions.

Answer 25

Theism

Question 26

Otherwise known as socialized medicine, this system entails government ownership and control of medical facilities and services. It exists in Canada and the U.K., though not the United States.

Answer 26

Universal health care

Question 27

A Christian political movement which advocates liberation from unfair social, political, and economic conditions. It is a combination of political activism and Christian principles.

Answer 27

Liberation theology

Question 28

Formal, ceremonial behaviors which have religious significance.

Answer 28

Rituals

Question 29

A phenomenon which demonstrates the effectiveness of a positive self-fulfilling prophecy in achieving one’s target.

Answer 29

Pygmalion effect

Question 30

belief in a single god and includes religions like Christianity and Judaism.

Answer 30

Monotheism

Question 31

Physical and/or psychological abuse, financial exploitation, medical abuse, and neglect are all forms.

Answer 31

Elder abuse

Question 32

belief in multiple gods and includes religions like Hinduism and Wicca.

Answer 32

Polytheism

Question 33

a type of religious organization that is largely outside a society’s cultural traditions. Forms around one highly charismatic individual who offers a brand new religion.

Answer 33

cult

Question 34

a type of religious organization that stands apart from the larger society. It is typically a small, exclusive group that has formed as a breakaway group from an established religious organization.

Answer 34

sect

Question 35

the most widespread religion in the world.

Answer 35

Christianity

Question 36

All three of these religions believe in the same God, who is all-knowing, all-seeing, and all-powerful. However, their other beliefs, ideologies, and doctrine differ greatly. Three of the most well-known monotheistic religions.

Answer 36

Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

Question 37

an organization that provides or arranges comprehensive medical care to subscribers for a fixed fee. An individual makes regular payments in order to be a member of the organization, which in turn pays a portion of the member’s medical expenses. However, the member must choose a primary care physician that acts as a kind of gatekeeper for medical care.

Answer 37

Health Maintenance Organization (HMO)

Question 38

an organization that consists of a group of medical providers that offer their services to specific groups of patients at discount prices. Require a membership fee, although it’s normally higher. The member does not have to select a primary care physician. Instead, the member can see any doctor but receives significant discounts by using doctors within the network.

Answer 38

Preferred Provider Organization (PPO)