social Flashcards

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1
Q

attribution theory

A

explanation of behavior based on situation or personality

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2
Q

actor-observer bias

A

the tendency to attribute the behavior of others to internal causes, while attributing our own behavior to external causes

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3
Q

fundamental attribution error

A

underestimate situation and overestimate personality

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4
Q

central route to persuasion

A

change people’s attitude through incidental cues (ex: speaker’s attractiveness attracts you rather than skills)

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5
Q

foot in the door phenomenon

A

complying with a small request then leads to a larger request

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6
Q

door in the face phenomenon

A

a large request is turned down and this makes you more likely to comply with a small request

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7
Q

halo effect

A

if your 1st impression of someone is positive, you’ll interpret other info about them positively

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8
Q

Stanford Prison Experiment

A

Zimbardo

experiment on social roles

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9
Q

conformity experiment

A

Soloman Asch experiment with lines

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10
Q

normative social influence

A

we conform to gain approval or to not stand out from the group

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11
Q

informational social influence

A

we conform to others because we think their opinions must be right

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12
Q

obedience experiment

A

Stanley Milgram shock experiment

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13
Q

social facilitation

A

perform better on simple or well learned tasks in the presence of others

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14
Q

social loafing

A

tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling effort together

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15
Q

deindivduation

A

loss of self awareness and self restraint occurring in a group situation

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16
Q

group polarization

A

the more time spent with a group, the stronger the thoughts and opinions will become

17
Q

groupthink

A

desire for harmony within a group

18
Q

risky shift

A

group makes riskier decisions together than alone

19
Q

ingroup

A

people with common identity in group

20
Q

outgroup

A

people not in group

21
Q

ingroup bias

A

tendency to favor group

22
Q

scapegoat theory

A

prejudice offers an outlet for anger by pushing the blame onto others (blaming crime on immigrants)

23
Q

ethnocentrism

A

tendency to see your own group as more important than the others

24
Q

just-world phenomenon

A

tendency for people to believe the world is just and therefore people get what they deserve (ex: homeless people)

25
Q

social learning theory

A

Bandura

observing violence in others makes us more violent

26
Q

frustration-aggression hypothesis

A

frustration creates anger which leads to aggression

27
Q

hostile aggression

A

emotional, impulsive anger

28
Q

instrumental aggression

A

premediated, goal is to get something (ex: bullying for lunch money)

29
Q

mere exposure effect

A

repeated exposure to a novel stimuli increases liking of them

30
Q

physical attractiveness

A

pretty people are thought to be more credible and less likely to do bad things

31
Q

altruism

A

unselfish regard for the welfare of others

32
Q

bystander effect

A

the more people around the less likely we are to help someone

33
Q

social exchange theory

A

social behavior is an exchange process: aim to maximize benefits and minimize costs

34
Q

reciprocity norm

A

we give so we can get

35
Q

social trap

A

conflicting parties pursue their own best interests which can result in destructive results (ex: bonus points game played in class)

36
Q

false-consensus effect

A

we overestimate the degree to which everyone else thinks/acts the way we do

37
Q

self serving bias

A

readiness to perceive ourselves favorably

38
Q

spotlight effect

A

tendency of an individual to overestimate the extent to which others pay attention to them

39
Q

stereotype threat

A

feel at risk of conforming to group, influences behaviors and cognition