social

Question 1

attribution theory

Answer 1

explanation of behavior based on situation or personality

Question 2

actor-observer bias

Answer 2

the tendency to attribute the behavior of others to internal causes, while attributing our own behavior to external causes

Question 3

fundamental attribution error

Answer 3

underestimate situation and overestimate personality

Question 4

central route to persuasion

Answer 4

change people’s attitude through incidental cues (ex: speaker’s attractiveness attracts you rather than skills)

Question 5

foot in the door phenomenon

Answer 5

complying with a small request then leads to a larger request

Question 6

door in the face phenomenon

Answer 6

a large request is turned down and this makes you more likely to comply with a small request

Question 7

halo effect

Answer 7

if your 1st impression of someone is positive, you’ll interpret other info about them positively

Question 8

Stanford Prison Experiment

Answer 8

Zimbardo

experiment on social roles

Question 9

conformity experiment

Answer 9

Soloman Asch experiment with lines

Question 10

normative social influence

Answer 10

we conform to gain approval or to not stand out from the group

Question 11

informational social influence

Answer 11

we conform to others because we think their opinions must be right

Question 12

obedience experiment

Answer 12

Stanley Milgram shock experiment

Question 13

social facilitation

Answer 13

perform better on simple or well learned tasks in the presence of others

Question 14

social loafing

Answer 14

tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling effort together

Question 15

deindivduation

Answer 15

loss of self awareness and self restraint occurring in a group situation

Question 16

group polarization

Answer 16

the more time spent with a group, the stronger the thoughts and opinions will become

Question 17

groupthink

Answer 17

desire for harmony within a group

Question 18

risky shift

Answer 18

group makes riskier decisions together than alone

Question 19

ingroup

Answer 19

people with common identity in group

Question 20

outgroup

Answer 20

people not in group

Question 21

ingroup bias

Answer 21

tendency to favor group

Question 22

scapegoat theory

Answer 22

prejudice offers an outlet for anger by pushing the blame onto others (blaming crime on immigrants)

Question 23

ethnocentrism

Answer 23

tendency to see your own group as more important than the others

Question 24

just-world phenomenon

Answer 24

tendency for people to believe the world is just and therefore people get what they deserve (ex: homeless people)

Question 25

social learning theory

Answer 25

Bandura observing violence in others makes us more violent

Question 26

frustration-aggression hypothesis

Answer 26

frustration creates anger which leads to aggression

Question 27

hostile aggression

Answer 27

emotional, impulsive anger

Question 28

instrumental aggression

Answer 28

premediated, goal is to get something (ex: bullying for lunch money)

Question 29

mere exposure effect

Answer 29

repeated exposure to a novel stimuli increases liking of them

Question 30

physical attractiveness

Answer 30

pretty people are thought to be more credible and less likely to do bad things

Question 31

altruism

Answer 31

unselfish regard for the welfare of others

Question 32

bystander effect

Answer 32

the more people around the less likely we are to help someone

Question 33

social exchange theory

Answer 33

social behavior is an exchange process: aim to maximize benefits and minimize costs

Question 34

reciprocity norm

Answer 34

we give so we can get

Question 35

social trap

Answer 35

conflicting parties pursue their own best interests which can result in destructive results (ex: bonus points game played in class)

Question 36

false-consensus effect

Answer 36

we overestimate the degree to which everyone else thinks/acts the way we do

Question 37

self serving bias

Answer 37

readiness to perceive ourselves favorably

Question 38

spotlight effect

Answer 38

tendency of an individual to overestimate the extent to which others pay attention to them

Question 39

stereotype threat

Answer 39

feel at risk of conforming to group, influences behaviors and cognition