Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AP PSYCH CRAM! > Scientific Foundations > Flashcards

Scientific Foundations Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Structuralism

A

uses introspection to look inward to examine mental experiences to determine the underlying structures of the mind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

functionalism

A

the mind is a functional tool that allows us to adapt to our environments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

psychoanalytic approach

A

unconsious, childhood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

behavioral approach

A

behaviors ar learned and reinforced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

humanistic approach

A

free will, choice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

cognitive approach

A

perceptions, thoughts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

evolutionary approach

A

genes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

biological approach

A

brains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

sociocultural approach

A

society

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Mary Calkins

A

first female president of American Psychology Assosciation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Margaret Floy Washburn

A

1st female PhD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Charles Darwin

A

natural selection and evolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

dorthea dix

A

reformed mental institutions in the USA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

basic research

A

systematic study directed toward greater knowledge or understanding of the fundamental aspects of phenomena and of observable facts without specific applications towards processes or products in mind.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

applied research

A

a non-systematic way of finding solutions to specific research problems or issues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

pschologist

A

research of counseling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

psychiatrist

A

prescribe medications and diagnose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

experiment

A

a scientific procedure undertaken to make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact.

researcher controls variables to establish cause and effect

19
Q

independent variable

A

factor in experiment purposefully altered by researcher to find effect, stays constant

20
Q

experimental group

A

receives the treatment

21
Q

control group

A

does not receive the treatment, receives placebo

22
Q

placebo effect

A

perceived benefit after receiving a placebo: can help to compare with experimental group

23
Q

dependent variable

A

measured variable, dependent/changed based on independent variable

24
Q

double-blind experiment

A

experiment where neither the participants nor the experimenter are aware of the conditions people are assigned to (ex: drug assignment versus placebo)

25
Q

single-blind

A

only the researcher knows the conditions

26
Q

operational definition

A

definition of variables in experiment, usually quantitative

used so that experiment can be repeated

27
Q

confounding variable

A

variable that affects the experiment that wasn’t originally planned for, can spur results and relationship between ind. and dep. variable

28
Q

random assignment

A

assigns participants to either control or experimental groups at random

minimizes bias

29
Q

random sample/selection

A

method for choosing participants for your study

minimizes bias and ensures results reflect all people

30
Q

representative sample

A

sample mimics the general population (gender, race, age)

31
Q

correlation

A

identity relationship between two variables

32
Q

correlation

A

identity relationship between two variables

does not equal causation

33
Q

positive correlation

A

variables increase and decrease together

34
Q

negative correlation

A

one increases as the other decreases

35
Q

illusory correlation

A

belief of correlation that doesn’t exist

36
Q

naturalistic observation

A

real world validity (observe people in natural environment)

37
Q

case study

A

studies one person in great detail (lots of info)

38
Q

confidentiality

A

names kept secret

39
Q

ethical guidelines (APA)

A

confidentiality, debrief, deception, no harm, informed consent, right to withdrawl

40
Q

debrief

A

must explain purpose of study (done after experiment is over)

41
Q

informed consent

A

must agree to be part of study

42
Q

deception

A

cannot have deception unless warranted

43
Q

no harm

A

protection from physical harm

44
Q

right to withdrawl

A

participants must be able to withdrawl

AP PSYCH CRAM! (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions