Social

Question 1

When we explain others behaviors by crediting the situation or the person’s disposition (they only won because they cheated)

Answer 1

Attribution theory

Question 2

tendency for observers to underestimate the importance of the situation and overestimate the impact of personal disposition

Answer 2

Fundamental attribution error

Question 3

change people’s attitudes through logical arguments and explanations; leads to long term behavior change

Answer 3

Central route to persuasion

Question 4

Change people’s attitudes through incidental cues (e.g. attractiveness); leads to temporary behavior changes

Answer 4

;Peripheral route to persuasion

Question 5

Complying with a small request which leads to going along with a larger request

Answer 5

Foot in the door phenomenon

Question 6

When a large request is turned down which leads to one to become more likely to comply with a small request

Answer 6

Door in the face phenomenon

Question 7

experiment where individuals were assigned to be guards and prisoners; they took on their roles within days and took it too far.

Answer 7

Stanford Prison Experiment

Question 8

Two opposing thoughts conflict with each other, causing discomfort, which makes us find ways to justify the situation

Answer 8

Cognitive Dissonance

Question 9

conforming to gain approval or to not stand out from the group

Answer 9

Normative social influence

Question 10

Conforming to others because it is believed that their opinions are correct

Answer 10

Informational social influence

Question 11

Experiment done by MILGRAM where participants were instructed to teach another individual by using shocks. 60% of participants would administer lethal shocks just because they were told to.

Answer 11

Obedience

Question 12

Performing better on simple or well learned tasks in the presence of others

Answer 12

Social facilitation

Question 13

Tendency of people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their effort together

Answer 13

Social loafing

Question 14

loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity

Answer 14

Deindividuation

Question 15

The more time spent with a group the more similar their thoughts and opinions will become

Answer 15

Group polarization

Question 16

Desire for harmony within a group leads to everyone going along with the same thinking, ignoring other possibilities

Answer 16

Group think

Question 17

Groups make riskier decisions together rather than alone

Answer 17

Risky Shift

Question 18

People with whom a common identity is shared; “US”

Answer 18

Ingroup

Question 19

People perceived as different or not part of the group; “them”

Answer 19

Outgroup

Question 20

Tendency to favor our own group

Answer 20

Ingroup bias

Question 21

prejudice that offers an outlet for anger by providing someone else to blame

Answer 21

Scapegoat theory

Question 22

Tendency to see your own group as more important than others

Answer 22

Ethnocentrism

Question 23

Tendency for people to believe that the world is just and therefore people get what they deserve

Answer 23

Just-World Phenomenon

Question 24

runs in families; can breed for in animals

Answer 24

Genetic influence

Question 25

observing violence in others makes us more violent for a time

Answer 25

Environmental influence

Question 26

frustration creates anger, which leads to aggression

Answer 26

Frustration-aggression hypothesis

Question 27

repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them

Answer 27

Mere exposure effect

Question 28

pretty people are thought to be more credible and less likely to do bad things

Answer 28

Physical Attractiveness

Question 29

We prefer people similar to us

Answer 29

Similarity

Question 30

unselfish regard for the welfare of others

Answer 30

Altruism

Question 31

the more people around the less likely we are to help people

Answer 31

Bystander effect

Question 32

social behavior is an exchange process that aims to maximize benefits and minimize costs

Answer 32

social exchange theory

Question 33

We give so we can receive

Answer 33

Reciprocity Norm

Question 34

Conflicting parties pursue their own interests which can result in destructive results (Prisoners dilemma)

Answer 34

Social Trap

Question 35

win-win situation; conflict is which win you have to choose

Answer 35

Approach approach conflict

Question 36

win- lose situation; outcome has positive and negative outcomes

Answer 36

Approach avoidance conflict

Question 37

lose-lose; both outcomes are bad but you must choose one

Answer 37

avoidance avoidance conflict

Question 38

2 or more win-lose situations; conflict is which to choose

Answer 38

Multiple approach avoidance conflict

Question 39

what we consider important in ourselves is what we consider important in others

Answer 39

Self-concept bias

Question 40

We overestimate the degree to which everyone else thinks/acts the way we do

Answer 40

False-consensus effect

Question 41

A belief that leads to its own fulfillment

Answer 41

Self-fulfilling prophecy

Question 42

readiness to perceive ourselves as favorable

Answer 42

Self-serving bias

Question 43

Tendency of an individual to overestimate the extent which others are paying attention to them

Answer 43

Spotlight effect