Development

Question 1

PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT:

0-14 days, cells are dividing

Answer 1

Zygote

Question 2

PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT:

14 days - 9 weeks, vital organs being formed

Answer 2

Embryo

Question 3

PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT:

9 weeks to birth

Answer 3

Fetus

Question 4

PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT:

External agents that can cause abnormal prenatal development

Answer 4

Teratogens

Question 5

PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT:

natural course of development, occurs no matter what

Answer 5

Maturation

Question 6

PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT:

Innate responses that we are born with

Answer 6

Reflexes

Question 7

PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT:

after continual exposure you pay less attention

Answer 7

Habituation

Question 8

Concepts or frameworks that organize info

Answer 8

Schemas

Question 9

Incorporate new info into existing schema

Answer 9

Assimilation

Question 10

adjust existing schemas to incorporate new information

Answer 10

Accomodation

Question 11

Birth to 2 years; focused on exploring the world around them (babies)
Lack object permanence
Develop sense of self

Answer 11

Sensorimotor stage

Question 12

2-7 years; use pretend play, develop language, use intuitive reasoning
Lack conservation
Lack reversibility
Egocentric

Answer 12

Pre-operational stage

Question 13

7-11 years; use operational thinking, classification, and can think logically in concrete context

Answer 13

Concrete Operational Stage

Question 14

11-15 years; use abstract and idealist thoughts, hypothetical-deductive reasoning

Answer 14

Formal Operational Stage

Question 15

Cognitive development is a social process and humans need to develop by interacting with others

Answer 15

Vygotsky’s Theory

Question 16

Gap between what a child can do on their own and with support

Answer 16

Zone of Proximal Development

Question 17

Patterns of emotional reactions

Answer 17

Temperament

Question 18

Discovered that contact comfort is more important than feeding

Answer 18

Harry Harlow

Question 19

Developed the strange situation paradigm

Answer 19

Mary Ainsworth

Question 20

Upset when mom leaves, easily calmed when she returns; tend to be more stable adults.

Answer 20

Secure attachment

Question 21

Actively avoids mom, doesn’t care when she leaves

Answer 21

Avoidant attachment

Question 22

Actively avoids mom, freaks out when she leaves

Answer 22

Ambivalent attachment

Question 23

Confused, fearful, dazed, result of abuse

Answer 23

Disorganized Attachment

Question 24

PARENTING STYLES:

rules & obedience, kids lack initiative in college

Answer 24

Authoritarian

Question 25

PARENTING STYLES: | kids do whatever, no rules; kids lack initiative in college

Answer 25

Permissive

Question 26

PARENTING STYLES: | Give and take with kids, kids become socially competent and reliable

Answer 26

Authoritative

Question 27

KOHLBERG's MORAL DEVELOPMENT: | children follow rules to avoid punishment

Answer 27

Preconventional morality

Question 28

KOHLBERG's MORAL DEVELOPMENT: | Adolescents follow rules because they exist to keep order

Answer 28

Conventional Morality

Question 29

KOHLBERG's MORAL DEVELOPMENT: | Adults do what they believe is right

Answer 29

Postconventional morality

Question 30

Said moral reasoning and moral behaviors are 2 different things

Answer 30

Carol Gilligan

Question 31

ERIKSON'S SOCIOEMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT: | if needs are dependably met, infants develop basic trust

Answer 31

Trust vs Mistrust 0-18 mos

Question 32

ERIKSON'S SOCIOEMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT: | Toddlers learn to exercise their will and think for themselves

Answer 32

Autonomy vs Shame/Doubt 1-3 yrs

Question 33

ERIKSON'S SOCIOEMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT: | learn to initiate tasks and carry out plans

Answer 33

Initiative vs guilt 3-6yrs

Question 34

ERIKSON'S SOCIOEMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT: | learn the pleasure of applying themselves to a task

Answer 34

Industry vs inferiority, 6yrs to puberty

Question 35

ERIKSON'S SOCIOEMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT: | refine a sense of self by testing roles and forming identity

Answer 35

Identity vs role confusion. adolescence through 20s

Question 36

ERIKSON'S SOCIOEMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT: | form close relationships and gain capacity for love

Answer 36

Intimacy vs isolation, 20s-40s

Question 37

ERIKSON'S SOCIOEMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT: | discover sense of contributing to the world through family and work

Answer 37

Generativity vs stagnation, 40s-60s

Question 38

ERIKSON'S SOCIOEMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT: | reflect on life, feel satisfaction or failure

Answer 38

Integrity vs despair, 60+

Question 39

Rapid skeletal and sexual maturation

Answer 39

Puberty

Question 40

necessary structures for reproduction (ovaries, testicles, vagina, penis)

Answer 40

Primary sex characteristics

Question 41

nonreproductive characteristics that develop during puberty (breasts, hips, deepening of voice, body hair)

Answer 41

Secondary sex characteristics

Question 42

Continues developing continuously until the age of 25

Answer 42

Frontal Lobe

Question 43

We learn gender roles and identity from those around us

Answer 43

Social learning theory

Question 44

Cells have a max # of divisions before they can't divide anymore

Answer 44

Cellular clock theory

Question 45

Unstable oxygen molecules within cells damage DNA

Answer 45

Free-radical theory

Question 46

Studies people of different ages at the same point in time. | Inexpensive and quick; can observe differences resulting from generational gap

Answer 46

Cross-Sectional Study

Question 47

Studies the same people over time. | eliminates group differences, lots of detail; expensive, time consuming, high drop out rates

Answer 47

Longitudinal study

Question 48

``` Denial Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance ```

Answer 48

Stages of Grief

Question 49

Solving or doing something to alter the course of stress

Answer 49

Problem-focused coping

Question 50

reducing the emotional distress

Answer 50

Emotion-focused coping