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Introductory Psychology > Development > Flashcards

Development Flashcards

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1
Q

PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT:

0-14 days, cells are dividing

A

Zygote

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2
Q

PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT:

14 days - 9 weeks, vital organs being formed

A

Embryo

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3
Q

PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT:

9 weeks to birth

A

Fetus

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4
Q

PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT:

External agents that can cause abnormal prenatal development

A

Teratogens

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5
Q

PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT:

natural course of development, occurs no matter what

A

Maturation

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6
Q

PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT:

Innate responses that we are born with

A

Reflexes

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7
Q

PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT:

after continual exposure you pay less attention

A

Habituation

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8
Q

Concepts or frameworks that organize info

A

Schemas

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9
Q

Incorporate new info into existing schema

A

Assimilation

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10
Q

adjust existing schemas to incorporate new information

A

Accomodation

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11
Q

Birth to 2 years; focused on exploring the world around them (babies)
Lack object permanence
Develop sense of self

A

Sensorimotor stage

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12
Q

2-7 years; use pretend play, develop language, use intuitive reasoning
Lack conservation
Lack reversibility
Egocentric

A

Pre-operational stage

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13
Q

7-11 years; use operational thinking, classification, and can think logically in concrete context

A

Concrete Operational Stage

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14
Q

11-15 years; use abstract and idealist thoughts, hypothetical-deductive reasoning

A

Formal Operational Stage

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15
Q

Cognitive development is a social process and humans need to develop by interacting with others

A

Vygotsky’s Theory

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16
Q

Gap between what a child can do on their own and with support

A

Zone of Proximal Development

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17
Q

Patterns of emotional reactions

A

Temperament

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18
Q

Discovered that contact comfort is more important than feeding

A

Harry Harlow

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19
Q

Developed the strange situation paradigm

A

Mary Ainsworth

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20
Q

Upset when mom leaves, easily calmed when she returns; tend to be more stable adults.

A

Secure attachment

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21
Q

Actively avoids mom, doesn’t care when she leaves

A

Avoidant attachment

22
Q

Actively avoids mom, freaks out when she leaves

A

Ambivalent attachment

23
Q

Confused, fearful, dazed, result of abuse

A

Disorganized Attachment

24
Q

PARENTING STYLES:

rules & obedience, kids lack initiative in college

A

Authoritarian

25
Q

PARENTING STYLES:

kids do whatever, no rules; kids lack initiative in college

A

Permissive

26
Q

PARENTING STYLES:

Give and take with kids, kids become socially competent and reliable

A

Authoritative

27
Q

KOHLBERG’s MORAL DEVELOPMENT:

children follow rules to avoid punishment

A

Preconventional morality

28
Q

KOHLBERG’s MORAL DEVELOPMENT:

Adolescents follow rules because they exist to keep order

A

Conventional Morality

29
Q

KOHLBERG’s MORAL DEVELOPMENT:

Adults do what they believe is right

A

Postconventional morality

30
Q

Said moral reasoning and moral behaviors are 2 different things

A

Carol Gilligan

31
Q

ERIKSON’S SOCIOEMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT:

if needs are dependably met, infants develop basic trust

A

Trust vs Mistrust 0-18 mos

32
Q

ERIKSON’S SOCIOEMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT:

Toddlers learn to exercise their will and think for themselves

A

Autonomy vs Shame/Doubt 1-3 yrs

33
Q

ERIKSON’S SOCIOEMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT:

learn to initiate tasks and carry out plans

A

Initiative vs guilt 3-6yrs

34
Q

ERIKSON’S SOCIOEMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT:

learn the pleasure of applying themselves to a task

A

Industry vs inferiority, 6yrs to puberty

35
Q

ERIKSON’S SOCIOEMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT:

refine a sense of self by testing roles and forming identity

A

Identity vs role confusion. adolescence through 20s

36
Q

ERIKSON’S SOCIOEMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT:

form close relationships and gain capacity for love

A

Intimacy vs isolation, 20s-40s

37
Q

ERIKSON’S SOCIOEMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT:

discover sense of contributing to the world through family and work

A

Generativity vs stagnation, 40s-60s

38
Q

ERIKSON’S SOCIOEMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT:

reflect on life, feel satisfaction or failure

A

Integrity vs despair, 60+

39
Q

Rapid skeletal and sexual maturation

A

Puberty

40
Q

necessary structures for reproduction (ovaries, testicles, vagina, penis)

A

Primary sex characteristics

41
Q

nonreproductive characteristics that develop during puberty (breasts, hips, deepening of voice, body hair)

A

Secondary sex characteristics

42
Q

Continues developing continuously until the age of 25

A

Frontal Lobe

43
Q

We learn gender roles and identity from those around us

A

Social learning theory

44
Q

Cells have a max # of divisions before they can’t divide anymore

A

Cellular clock theory

45
Q

Unstable oxygen molecules within cells damage DNA

A

Free-radical theory

46
Q

Studies people of different ages at the same point in time.

Inexpensive and quick; can observe differences resulting from generational gap

A

Cross-Sectional Study

47
Q

Studies the same people over time.

eliminates group differences, lots of detail; expensive, time consuming, high drop out rates

A

Longitudinal study

48
Q 
Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance
A

Stages of Grief

49
Q

Solving or doing something to alter the course of stress

A

Problem-focused coping

50
Q

reducing the emotional distress

A

Emotion-focused coping

Introductory Psychology (10 decks)

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